Antimicrobials 5-6

Question 1

toxic systemically: mostly used topically except for vancomycin

Answer 1

Polypeptide Antibiotics & Other Antibiotics

Question 2

What are the Polypeptide Antibiotics

Answer 2

Vancomycin
Bacitracin

Question 3

What are the other antibiotics

Answer 3

Fosfomycin
Cycloserine

Question 4

inhibits transglycosylation

Answer 4

MOA of Vancomycin

Question 5

Its S/E is Red Man Syndrome

Answer 5

Vancomycin

Question 6

produced by the Tracy-I strain of Bacillus subtilis

Answer 6

Bacitracin

Question 7

Has a S/E of psychologic and neurologic

Answer 7

Cycloserine

Question 8

use: UTI caused by E.coli

Answer 8

Fosfomycin

Question 9

binds to the lipid carrier bactoprenol

Answer 9

MOA of Bacitracin

Question 10

Sexond line drug for TB

Answer 10

Cycloserine

Question 11

S/E: highly nephrotoxic and hematotoxic - not used systemically, only topically

Answer 11

Bacitracin

Question 12

DOC: “last line® for MRSA (IV) and C. difficile-induced pseudomembranous colitis (PO)

Answer 12

Vancomycin

Question 13

both mammalian and bacterial cells have plasma membrane - toxic if systemic clinical use is mostly limited to topical applications

Answer 13

Nonselective

Question 14

bind to the LPS or phospholipids of the cell membrane, increasing membrane permeability >- loss or leakage of cell constituents

Answer 14

MOA of Polymyxins

Question 15

“reserve drug due to nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity

Answer 15

Vancomycin

Question 16

Also know as Colistin

Answer 16

Polymyxin E

Question 17

from Bacillus polymyxa

Answer 17

Polymyxin B

Question 18

A Polymyxin B for skin infections

Answer 18

+ Bacitracin

Question 19

A Polymyxin B for eye infections

Answer 19

+ Dexamethasone and Neomycin:

Question 20

from Aerobacillus colistinus

Answer 20

Polymyxin E

Question 21

What are the polymyxin drugs

Answer 21

Polymyxin E
Polymyxin B

Question 22

use: reserve agent for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs)

Answer 22

Daptomycin

Question 23

vital for protein synthesis

Answer 23

Ribosomes

Question 24

given IV except for neomycin (topical&oral)

Answer 24

Aminoglycosides

Question 25

most widely used in combination with B-lactam antibiotics in serious infections with G(-) bacteria

Answer 25

Aminoglycosides

Question 26

Aminoglycosides + penicillin =

Answer 26

synergism

Question 27

Its S/E are ototoxicity & nephrotoxicity

Answer 27

Aminoglycosides

Question 28

S/E: Ototoxcity most nephrotoxic

Answer 28

Neomycin, Tobramycin, and Gentamicin

Question 29

S/E: Ototoxcity most vestibulotoxic

Answer 29

Streptomycin and Gentamicin

Question 30

S/E: Ototoxcity most cochleotoxic

Answer 30

Kanamycin, Amikacin, and Neomycin

Question 31

What to give to reverse the effect of neuromuscular blockade (neuromuscular paralysis) (or neostigmine)

Answer 31

calcium gluconate

Question 32

T/ F. The addition of furosemide in aminoglycosides will increased risk of ototoxicity

Answer 32

True

Question 33

S. griseus

Answer 33

Streptomycin

Question 34

semisynthetically derived from Kanamycin. first prepared in Japan

Answer 34

Amikacin

Question 35

S. kanamyceticus

Answer 35

Kanamycin

Question 36

S. tenebravius

Answer 36

Tobramycin

Question 37

S.fradiae

Answer 37

Neomycin

Question 38

1st effective agent against TB

Answer 38

Streptomycin

Question 39

1st aminoglycoside discovered

Answer 39

Streptomycin

Question 40

derived from Streptomyces spp. and Micromonospora spp.

Answer 40

Aminoglycosides

Question 41

What are the 305 Inhibitors

Answer 41

Aminoglycosides and Tetracyclines

Question 42

cyclic lipopeptide from Streptomyces roseosporus

Answer 42

Daptomycin

Question 43

antibacterial activity is enhanced by zinc

Answer 43

Bacitracin

Question 44

inhibits UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (MurA)

Answer 44

MOA of Fosfomycin

Question 45

Bacitracin antibacterial activity is enhanced by

Answer 45

Zinc

Question 46

due to administration of expired tetracycline

Answer 46

Fanconi-like syndrome

Question 47

Very long acting tetracycline

Answer 47

Tigecycline

Question 48

Its S/E is teeth discoloration and stunting of growth

Answer 48

Tetracyclines

Question 49

consists of 4fused rings with a system of coniugated double bonds

Answer 49

Tetracyclines

Question 50

from Streptomyces aureofaciens

Answer 50

Chlortetracycline

Question 51

Interraction of tetracycline to penicillin

Answer 51

Antagonistic

Question 52

chelation withsubstances (dairy products, drugs, and supplements) containing metal(s)

Answer 52

decreased absorption of tetracycline

Question 53

broadest spectrum of the antibiotics

Answer 53

Tetracyclines

Question 54

teeth discoloration

Answer 54

“mottled enamel”

Question 55

-effective against many G(+), G(-), spirochetes, and atypical bacteria

Answer 55

Tetracyclines

Question 56

DOC: Lyme disease & infections caused by Rickettsia

Answer 56

Tetracycline

Question 57

T/F. Tetracycline has a S/E of photosensitivity

Answer 57

True

Question 58

Short acting tetracycline

Answer 58

Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline

Question 59

Long acting tetracycline

Answer 59

Doxycycline, Minocycline

Question 60

Intermediate acting tetracycline

Answer 60

Methacycline, Demeclocycline