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Pharmacology > Antihypertensives > Flashcards

Antihypertensives Flashcards

1
Q

Diuretic inhibiting Na/K/2Ck transporter in thick ascending LOOP of Henle; DOC for acute heart failure; SE: Hyperuricemia, ototoxic, nephrotoxic

A

Furosemide

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2
Q

Sympathetic outflow blocker; also given for opioid withdrawal; SE: rebound HPN

A

Clonidine

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3
Q

Antidote for rebound HPN

A

phentolamine

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4
Q

Sympathetic outflow blocker used in preeclampsia; SE: hemolytic anemia

A

Methyldopa

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5
Q

Ganglion blocker; competitively blocks Nn Ach Receptors; ONLY for HPN. emergency; SE: postural hypotension

A

Hexamethonium

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6
Q

Nerve terminal blocker irreversibly blocking VMAT; Obsolete HPN drug; SE: suicidal ideation

A

Reserpine

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7
Q

Nerve terminal blocker inhibiting vesicular release of NE; obsolete HPN drug

A

Guanethidine

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8
Q

Alpha-1 antagonist used for BPH; most selective for prostatic smooth muscle; SE: 1st dose HPN

A

Tamsulosin

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9
Q

Beta-nonselective antagonist with combined alpha blockade; used in pheochromocytoma

A

Labetalol

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10
Q

3 drugs used in pheochromocytoma

A

Phenoxybenzamine
Phentolamine
Labetalol

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11
Q

Vasodilator altering intracellular Ca, decreasing afterload; also used in preeclampsia; SE: Reflex tachycardia, drug-induced lupus

A

Hydralazine

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12
Q

Meds that cause drug-induced lupus

It’s HIPP to have lupus!

A

Hydralazine
Isoniazid
Procainamide
Penicillamine

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13
Q

Vasodilator opening K channels in vascular smooth muscle; also used for alopecia

A

Minoxidil

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14
Q

Non-diphydropiridine CCB with more cardiac effectivity; DOC for SVT; causes gingival hyperplasia

A

Verapamil

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15
Q

Dihydropiridine CCB more effective in blood vessels; used for angina

A

Nifedipine

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16
Q

IV vasodilator which is the gold standard for HPN emergency; dec both pre and afterload. inc cGMP; SE: cyanide toxicity

A

Nitroprusside

17
Q

D1 receptor agonist causes arteriolar vasodilator; used in HPN emergency

A

Fenoldopam

18
Q

Inhibits ACE and formation of Angiotensin II; slows vent remodeling; delays progression of DM nephropathy

A 
ACE inhibitors (-prils)
Captopril
19
Q

Blocks AT1 receptor in vasc smooth muscle and adrenal cortex; delays progression of DM nephropathy

A

Losartan

20
Q

Renin antagonist used in HPN

A

Aliskiren

21
Q

Management for malignant HPN

A

Powerful vasodilators (nitroprusside, fenoldapam)
Diuretics (furosemide)
Beta-blockers

22
Q

Thiazide diuretic inhibiting Na/Cl transporter in DCT; also used in hypercalciuria, renal Ca stones and nephrogenic DI; SE: hypoCa, sulfa allergy

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

Pharmacology (10 decks)

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