Anti-angina & HF drugs Flashcards
Ultrashort-acting nitrate used in cyanide poisoning
Amyl nitrate
Antidote for cyanide poisoning
Inhaled amyl nitrate + IV sodium nitrate + IV sodium thiosulfate
Short-acting nitrate used for angina and ACS; available in transdermal patches; causes dangerous hypotension w/ PDE inhibitors (Viagra)
Nitroglycerin
ISMN: maintenance; ISDN: acute
Dihydropiridine CCBs
(-Dipines) Nifedipine Amlodipine Felodipine Nicardipine Nisoldipine
Non-dihydropiridine CCBs
Verapamil (used in Migraine)
Diltiazem (used in Raynaud’s phenomenon)
Drugs causing gingival hyperplasia
NapaCa-Pangit ng gingiVa mo!
Nifedipine
Cyclosporine
Phenytoin
Verapamil
Angina prophylaxis; masks hypoglycemia in DM patients; cause erectile dysfx
Betablockers
Propanolo, atenolol, metoprolol
Type of heart failure that presents with orthopnea, PND, and pulmo congestion
Left-sided HF
Type of heart failure that presents with hepatomegaly, edema, engorged neck veins
Right-sided HF
Cardiac glycoside inhibiting Na/K ATPase; also used in nodal arrhythmias; Causes yellow visual changes
Digoxin
Drugs with narrow therapeutic index
WALA na Cyang PaPa! VasTeD na!
Warfarin Aminoglycosides Lithium Amphotericin B Carbamazepine Phenobarbital Phenytoin Vancomycin Theophylline Digoxin
Digitalis toxicity is increased by _____K, _____ Mg and ____Ca
hypoK
hypoMg
hyperCa
Tx for Digitalis toxicity
Correction of K/Mg deficiency Antiarrhythmic drugs (DOC: lidocaine) Digoxin Ab (Digifab, Digibind)
1st line therapy for both sys and diastolic failure
Diuretics
Diuretic of choice for acute heart failure
Furosemide
Diuretics of choice for chronic heart failure
Spirinolactone
Eplerenone
First line drugs for chronic heart failure
Angiotensin Antagonists
B1-selective antagonist useful in acute heart failure; not appropriate for chronic failure
Dobutamine
Dopamine
Betablockers used to reduce progression of chronic HF; detrimental if systolic dysfx is marked
Carvedilol, labetalol, metoprolol
PDE inhibitors resulting in inc cAMP
inamrinone
milrinone
Vasodilators used in in acute severe failure with congestion
Nitroprusside
Nitroglycerin
Reduce mortality due to HF in African Americans
Hydralazine
Isosorbide dinitrate
Drugs shown to improve survival in heart failure
ACEI
Betablockers
Aldosterone antagonists
Characteristic ECG tracing that shows QT interval prolongation
Torsades de pointes
DOC for prinzmetal angina/ vasospastic angina
CCB