antigen presenting cells, and cell mediated response. Flashcards

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1
Q

Explain why T-cells dont bind to antigens on a pathogen.

A

Because their receptors are only complementary to processed antigens that are showed on the surface of antigen presenting cells.

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2
Q

What are the 3 types of antigen presenting cells, and explain each one of them.

A
  1. B-cell ( you know the whole process).
  2. some Phagocytes: when phagocytes carry out phagocytosis, some of them process the antigens and present them on their surface , so that helper T-cells can identify them.
  3. our own body cells: When viruses enter our body cells , the virus begins to replicate inside the cell.
    -during this replication, antigens form, which the cell then processes and present on its surface.
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3
Q

what are the two types of T-cells.

A

Helper T-cells, and cytotoxic T-cells.

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4
Q

Explain what stimulates a T-cell to clone itself.

A

A naive helper T-cell bins to a complementary antigen ( usually on a phagocyte).
The binding then stimlates the helper T-cell to clone.

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5
Q

What are the 3 main roles of cloned helper T-cells?

A
  1. Can help stimulate B-cell ( seen process).
  2. Can release chemicals which attract a phagocyte towards the pathogen.
  3. can stimulate a cytotoxic T-cell (Helper T-cell).
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6
Q

Explain the process of a cytotoxic T-cell.

A

Cytotoxic T-cells have receptors complementary to the modified antigen present on the surface of an infected body cell.
They cytotoxic T-cell, then binds and secretes a protein called PERFORIN.
Perforin causes wholes to form in an infected cells cell membrane membrane.
-This makes it easeir for ions to pass out of the cell, in an uncontrolled way, which will eventually lead to the infected cells death.

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