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d.b.review 2 > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs that kill or inhibit the growth of microorganism

A

Antibiotics

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2
Q

Inhibit bacterial growth and multiplication

A

Bacteriostatic

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3
Q

Kills bacteria

Inhibit formation of _____ during cell division

A

Bacteriocidal

Cell wall

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4
Q

What part of bacterial does bacteriostatic take effect

A

Exponential phase

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5
Q

Can bacteriostatic and bactericidal be combined?

A

No

They are antagonists

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6
Q

All cell wall synthesis inhibitors are cidal or static

A

Barteriocidal

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7
Q

Cell wall synthesis inhibitor drugs (4)

A

PCMC - beta lactam rings
Glycopeptides - Vancomycyn
Bacitracin - topical antibiotic
Cycloserine - for TB

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8
Q

Beta lactam drugs

A

PCMC

Penicillin
Cephalosporins
Monobactams
Carbepenems

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9
Q

Tx for pseudomembranous colitis

A

Vancomycin

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10
Q

Pseudomembranous colitis is associated with what drug

How to treat

A

Clindamycin

Vancomycin
Metronidazole

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11
Q

Tx for MRSA or methicillin resistant staph aureus

A

Vancomycin

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12
Q

Used drugs if there’s infection gram + strep or staph (4)

A

Penicillin
Erythromycin
Cephalosporins

PEC

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13
Q

Antibiotics for oral infections has min of ___ days

A

5 days

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14
Q

Enzyme against penicillin

A

Penicillinase aka beta lactamase!! Since. Ay beta lactam rings ang penicillin

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15
Q

Resistant to penicillins aka

A

Penicillin resistant staph aureus (PRSA)

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16
Q

Type of penicillins classified as penicillinase resistant penicillins

A

Methicillin

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17
Q

Methicillin resistant aka

A

Methicillin resistant staph aureus (MRSA)

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18
Q

Drug for MRSA

A

Vancomycin (IV)

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19
Q

Last resort to antibiotics

A

Colistin

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20
Q

Protein synthesis inhibitor drugs (6)

A

AT30MCC50S

Aminoglycosides
Tetracycline fam
Macrolides
Clindamycin
Chloramphenicol

Lincomycin

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21
Q

Only bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitory drug

A

Aminoglycosides

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22
Q

Blocks 30s with very broad spectrum or BROADEST SPECTRUM *

A

Tetracycline family

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23
Q

Aminoglycosides drugs (4)

A

Streptomycin
Gentamicin
Tobramycin
Neomycin

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24
Q

Tetracycline drugs (3)

A

TetraCYLCINE
DoxyCYLCINE
MinoCYCLINE

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25
Q

Adverse effect of aminoglycosides

A

Ototoxicity

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26
Q

Adverse effect of tetracyclines

A

Hepatotoxic
Photosensitivity
Resistant and superinfections
Tooth discoloration

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27
Q

Drugs common with photosensitivity (3)***

A

Tetracycline
Ibuprofen
Naproxen

28
Q

Macrolides drugs (3)

A

MACE

Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin

29
Q

First macrolide with most severe side effect

A

Erythromycin

30
Q

Blocks 50s ribosomal unit used when allergic to penicillin

A

Clindamycin

31
Q

Blocks 50s ribosomal unit use as last resort due to high toxicity and adverse effect

A

Chloramphenicol

32
Q

AE of chloramphenicol (2)

A

Gray baby syndrome

Hemolytic anemia

33
Q

If dose is increased in clindamycin it will be converted into ____

A

Bactericidal effect

34
Q

Biosynthetic pathway inhibitor drugs (3)

A

Trimethoprim
Sulfonamides
Fluroquinolones

35
Q

Sulfa drugs that mimics PABA

A

Sulfonamides

36
Q

Sulfonamides static or cidal

A

Static - mimic paba

37
Q

Co trimoxazole (Bactrium) is a combination of what drugs

A

Trimethoprim

Sulfamethoxazole

38
Q

Brand of co trimoxazole

A

Bactrim

39
Q

Quinolones are derived from

A

Quinine

40
Q

Quinidine is used for

A

Anti arrhythmic

41
Q

Causes the antimicrobial property of penicillins

A

Beta lactam rings

42
Q

Penicillins from fungi

Types (2)

A

Natural penicillins
Pen G
Pen VK

43
Q

First penicillin produced

A

Pen G - IV

Benzylpenicillin

44
Q

Pen VK aka

A

Phenoxybemethyl penicillin - oral

45
Q

Penicillin from narrow to a little broad spectrum

But classified as BROAD SPECTRUM

A

Extended penicillins

46
Q

Type of extended penicillins

A

Aminopenicillins

  • Amoxicillin
  • ampicillin
47
Q

Most commonly used when giving oral prophylactic antibiotics

A

Amoxicillin

48
Q

Dosage of amox and ampicillin prior to invasive procedure

A

2 g or 2000 mg

30-60 mins

49
Q

Dosage of amox to children

A

50 mg/kg

50
Q

Given if oral route is not available alternative for amox

A

Ampicillin (parenteral)

51
Q

Has the widest spectrum of all penicillins aka

A

Broad spectrum penicillin

Antipseudomonas penicillins

52
Q

Broad spectrum penicillin drug (2)

A

Piperacillin

Ticarcillin

53
Q

Dosage of clindamycin in adult and kids

A

20 mg /kg
600 mg

Oral/IM/IV

54
Q

Penicillinase resistant penicillins aka

A

Antistaphylococcal penicillins

55
Q

Drugs resistant to penicillinase (5)

A 
Methicillin
Nafcillin
Cloxacillin
Oxacillin
Dicloxacillin
56
Q

Major disadvantage of broad antibiotics (2)

A

Resistance

Superinfections

57
Q

Co amoxiclav (Augmentin) is a combination of

A

Amoxicillin

Clavulanic acid

58
Q

Clavulanic acid has ____ inhibitor

A

Beta lactamase

59
Q

Has cross allergenicity to penicillins

A

Cephalosporins

60
Q

doc for upper respiratory tract infections

A

Co amoxiclav

61
Q

Broad spectrum antibiotics with four generations
Has disulfiram
With beta lactam rings

A

Cephalosporins

62
Q

With low cross allergenicity to penicillins

A

Monobactams

63
Q

Drugs with slight resistance to penicillinase (3)

A

Cephalosporins
Monobactams
Carbapenemes

64
Q

Topical antibiotics (3)

A

Bacitracin
Polymyxin B
Neomycin

65
Q

Antifungal Drugs administered parenteral

A

Amphotericin B

66
Q

Most potent antifungal drug

A

Griseofulvin

d.b.review 2 (21 decks)

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