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Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

What do you prescribe for CAP?

A

Cefuroxime/amoxicillin + clarithromycin/erythromycin

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2
Q

What do you prescribe for HAP?

A

Need to cover gram negative:
Cefotaxime + piperacillin or similar + quinolone

Early after admission: Co-amoxiclav/ceftaxidime/ciprofloxacin

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3
Q

What do you prescribe for COPD exacerbations?

A

Amoxicillin/co-amoxiclav/doxycylcin/erythromycin

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4
Q

What do you prescribe for endocarditis?

A

Benpen/flucloxacillin/vancomycin + gent/rifampicin

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5
Q

What do you prescribe for meningitis?

A

cefotaxime/benpen (chloramphenicol)

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6
Q

What do you prescribe for pyelonephritis?

A

Cephalosporin or quinolone

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7
Q

What do you prescribe for lower UTI?

A

AMoxicillin/ cefalexin/ quinolone/ trimethoprim/ nitrofurantoin
Avoid quinolones and trimethoprim in pregnancy

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8
Q

What do you prescribe for septicaemia?

A

Broad spectrum beta-lactam e.g. meropenem, tazocin
Community- broad spectrum cefalosporin
May add amino glycoside ± fluclox or add metronidazole

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9
Q

What do you prescribe for staph infections?

A

Fluclox or vanc/ fusidate/ aminoglycosides

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10
Q

How many patients with a penicillin allergy will also be allergic to cephalosporins?

A

5-15%

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11
Q

Which abs do you have to carry out therapeutic drug monitoring for?

A

Amino glycosides

Vancomycin

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12
Q

Which tetracylines are safe in renal impairment?

A

Doxycycline

Others not

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13
Q

What abs should be avoided in pregnancy?

A

Trimethoprim
Quinolone
Doxycycline
Amino glycosides

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14
Q

Do you need to give abx prophylaxis for dental procedures in patients with valve diseases?

A

No

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15
Q

What abx do you give for c diff?

A

Metronidazole 2 weeks

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16
Q

What abx do you give for recurrent c diff?

A

2 weeks vancomycin

17
Q

How do you treat TB?

A 
Quadruple therapy at least 2 months:
Rifampicin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol

Then RI for 4 months

18
Q

When does TB require longer treatment?

A

TB meningitis, spinal cord involvement, resistant bacteria

19
Q

What are side effects of all anti-TB?

A

Liver toxicity (except ethambutol)

20
Q

What precautions need to be taken with ethambutol?

A

Renal impairment- avoid

Visual impairment possible

21
Q

What would you give for malaria prophylaxis?

A

Chloroquine ± proguanil
Doxycycline
Mefloquine
Malarone (proguanil + atovaquone)

22
Q

How would you treat falciparum malaria?

A

Quinine
Malarone
Artemisinin

23
Q

How would you treat more “benign” malarias?

A

Chloroquine

Primaquine

24
Q

What would you prescribe for herpes simplex?

A

Aciclovir

Famciclovir

25
Q

What would you prescribe for cytomegalovirus?

A

Ganciclovir

26
Q

What would you prescribe for chronic hepatitis B/C?

A

Peg interferon
Ribavirin
Adefovir

CPT (24 decks)

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