Antibiotics Flashcards
S. Pneumoniae
Benzylpenicillin or amoxicillin
S. Aureus
Flucloxacillin
E. Coli
Cefuroxime
Enterococcus
Amoxicillin
Pseudomonas
Ciprofloxacin, ceftazidine, gentamicin
N. Menigitidis
Cefotaxime, benzylpenicillin, chloramphenicol
Which antibiotics disrupt the cell wall?
Beta lactams and Glycopeptides
Which antibiotics inhibit nucleic acid synthesis?
Rifampicin, Metronidazole and Quinolones
Which antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis?
Tetracyclines, Aminoglycosides, Chloramphenicol, macrolides
Which antibiotics have antimetabolite activity?
Trimethoprim, sulphonamide?
Causes phototoxicity reactions
Doxycycline
A carbapenem administered intravenously once a day
Ertapenem
A penicillin not orally active - used IV for meningitis and cellulitis
Benzylpenicillin
An antimetabolite (first line for UTI’s)
Trimethoprim
First line for TB (liver function tests essential)
Rifampicin
Used in penicillin allergy as spectrum of activity is similar (withhold statins)
Clarithromycin
Brand name for piperacillin and tazobactam - used first line for treatment of hospital acquired pneumonia
Tazocin
Active orally and IV against MRSA (monitoring FBC is essential)
Linezolid
A carbapenem with extended activity against pseudomonas infections
Meropenem
Use this antibiotic with caution in epilepsy as it can lower the seizure threshold
Ciprofloxacin
1st generation cephalosporin, used for UTI’s
Cefalexin
A penicillin primarily used for staphylococcus, used for cellulitis
Flucloxacillin
A glycopeptide that causes red-man syndrome if administered too quickly
Vancomycin
Active against anaerobic bacteria (should avoid alcohol whilst on this)
Metronidazole
Aminoglycoside that inhibits protein synthesis (need serum drug monitoring)
Gentamicin
Should not be used in children under 12 as this antibiotic deposits in bone and teeth
Tetracyclines
A beta lactamase inhibitor that is used in combination with amoxicillin to extend its spectrum of activity (co-amoxiclav)
Clavulanic acid
