antibiotic antifungal and antivirals Flashcards
how do antibiotics work?
medications that specifically treat infections caused by bacteria(not viruses) work by killing bacteria or by inhibiting growth.
amoxicillin
amoxil, penicillin(beta-lactam antibiotics) work by damaging the cell wall of bacteria, treat wide range of infections. first antibiotic
amoxicillin/clavulanic acid
augmentin, penicillin(beta-lactam antibiotics) work by damaging the cell wall of bacteria, treat wide range of infections. first antibiotic
cephalexin
Keflex, cephalosporin(beta-lactam antibiotics) work by damaging the cell wall of the bacteria; treat wide range of infections. examples are ear and sinus infections
cefdinir
Omnicef, cephalosporin(beta-lactam antibiotics) work by damaging the cell wall of the bacteria; treat wide range of infections. examples are ear and sinus infections
how do fluoroquinolones work
by inhibiting bacterial enymes responsible for DNA replication of the bacteria(bactericidal) treat a wide range of infections including uti and respiratory.
Ciprofloxacin
cipro, Fluoroquinolone indicated for a range of infections including UTIs and respiratory
Levofloxacin
Levaquin, Fluoroquinolone indicated for a range of infections including UTIs and respiratory
how do sulfonamides work?
Work by inhibiting bacteria’s ability to make folic acid which is needed for their reproduction(bacteriostatic) treat a wide range including UTIs, Bronchitis, and prostate infections
Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim(smx/tmp)
Bactrim/Septra, Sulfonamide.
How do macrolides work? (erythromycin antibiotics)
by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis needed for replication in a reversible manner(bacteriostatic) range of infections including UTIs, ear infectionss, upper and lower respiratory tract.
Azithromycin
Zithromax, Macrolide(erythromycin)
How do lincosamides work?
Work by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis needed for replication in a reversible manner, treat a wide range of anaerobic infections(bacteria not requiring oxygen for growth)
Clindamycin
Cleocin, Lincosamide
How do nitroimidazoles work?
Work by inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis which disrupts the DNA(bactercidal) treat a wide range of anaerobic infections of the GI tract, skin, urinary tract, bone, blood, CNS, heart, and lower respiratory tract. also have antiproazoal activity againts parasites and single cell organisms.
