ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Nyatakan 8 antibacterial agents

A

1) beta lactam antibiotik
2) antifolate
3) fluoroquinolone
4) oxazolidinones
5) aminoglycosides
6) macrolide
7) tetracycline
8) miscellaneous antibacterial

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2
Q

Nyatakan moa antibacterial drugs

A
  • halang sintesis dinding sel
  • halang sintesis protein
  • halang sintesis nukleik acid
  • halang membran sel
  • halang metabolism
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3
Q

Perbezaan antara beta lactam ring & beta lactamase

A

Beta lactam ring = struktur kimia pada beta lactam antibiotik
Beta lactamase = enzim yang terdpt pada bakteria yg akan hidrolisis beta lactam ring pada beta lactam antibiotik

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4
Q

Perbezaan antara penicillinase & penicillin binding protein

A

Penicillinase = sejenis beta lactamase yang spesifik pada penicillin
Penicillin binding protein = subkumpulan enzim transpeptidase yang mempunyai keupayaan utk mengikat pd penicillin

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5
Q

Definisi transpeptidase

A

Enzim yang dihasilkan oleh bakteria utk pembentukan rangkaian silang (ikatan peptide) pada peptidoglycan dalam dinding sel bakteria

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6
Q

Terangkan bacteria cell wall synthesis

A

Sintesis dinding sel bakteria terdiri drpd rantaian peptidoglycan(2 gula amino disusun scr bergilir antara NAG & NAM) dihubungkan dgn rantaian peptide oleh PBP

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7
Q

Terangkan nucleic acid

A
  • Nucleic acid ialah sebatian kimia yg disintesis scr semula jadi
  • DNA terdiri drpd gula yg melekat pd kump fosfat dan 1/4 asas nitrogen : 2 purine (adenine & guanine) & 2 pirimidine (cytosine & thymine)
  • RNA terdiri drpd gula yg melekat pd kump fosfat dan 1/4 asas nitrogen : 2 purine (adenine & guanine) & 2 pirimidine (cytosine & uracil)
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8
Q

Terangkan DNA replication

A
  • Proses DNA membuat copy dirinya
  • 4 peringkat yang terlibat : replication fork formation , primer binding , elongation , termination
  • Enzim yg terlibat : DNA polymerase
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9
Q

Terangkan RNA transcription

A
  • Proses turutan nukleotida DNA disalin ke dlm DNA
  • 3 peringkat : initiation , elongation , termination
  • Enzim yg terlibat : RNA polymerase
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10
Q

Terangkan bacteria synthesis protein

A
  • Proses sintesis protein melibatkan 2 peringkat : transcription & translation
  • Transcription = proses pembuatan mRNA dari DNA yg berlaku dlm nukleus
  • Translation = Translation of asid amino menjadi protein dlm ribosom
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11
Q

Terangkan asid folic

A
  • Asid folik adalah nutrien diperlukan utk sintesis protein dan asid nukleik
  • Asid folik disintesis oleh bakteria drpd para-amino-benzoate asid (PABA)
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12
Q

Nyatakan ubat bagi (1) beta lactam antibiotik

A
  • Penicillin
  • Cephalosporin
  • Monobactam
  • Carbapenem
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13
Q

Nyatakn ubat bagi (2) antifolate

A
  • Trimethoprim
  • Sulphamethoxazole
  • Sulfonamide
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14
Q

Nyatakan ubat bagi (3) fluoroquinolones

A
  • Ofloxacin
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Levofloxacin
  • Moxifloxacin
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15
Q

Nyatakan ubat bagi (4) oxazolidinones

A
  • Linezolid
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16
Q

Nyatakan ubat bagi (5) macrolide

A
  • Erythromycin
  • Azithromycin
  • Clarithromycin
17
Q

Nyatakn ubat bagi (6) tetracycline

A
  • Tetraycline
  • Chlortetracycline
  • Oxytetracycline
  • Minocycline
18
Q

Nyatakan ubat bagi (7) aminoglycoside

A
  • Amikacin
  • Gentamicin
  • Neomycin
  • Kanamycin
  • Streptomycin
19
Q

Nyatakan ubat bagi (8) miscellaneous antibacterial

A
  • Vancomycin
  • Chloramphenicol
  • Mupirocin
  • Clindamycin
  • Fusidic acid
  • Metronidazole