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1. Cardiovascular > Antiarrhythmic drugs > Flashcards

Antiarrhythmic drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is the rhythm of the heart determined by?

A

Pacemaker cells

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2
Q

Where do supraventricular arrhythmias originate?

A

AV node or atrial myocardium

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3
Q

Where do ventricular arrhythmias arise from?

A

Ventricles

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4
Q

What can cause an arrhythmia?

A

Ectopic focus - starts firing at a hgiher rate than a normal pace maker
Re-entry mechanisms - delayed action potentials re-invade nearby muscle fibres causing a loop of depolarisation

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5
Q

What are arrhythmias assciated with stress (increase in emotion, exercise, MI, thyrotoxicosis) treated with?

A

Beta-blockers

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6
Q

What is an arrythmia that is common after an MI?

A

Sinus bradycardia

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7
Q

Drugs used in supraventricular arrhythmias?

A
  • adenosine
  • digoxin
  • verapamil
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8
Q

Drugs used in ventricular arrhythmias?

A

Class IB

  • lidocaine IV
  • mexiletine
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9
Q

Drugs used in both supraventricular and ventricular?

A 
Class IA
- disopyramide
- procainamide
Class IC
- flecainide
Class III
- amiodarone
- sotalol
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10
Q

What does Class IA target?

A

Voltage-activated Na+ channels

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11
Q

What does Class IB target?

A

Voltage-activated Na+ channels

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12
Q

What does Class IC target?

A

Voltage-activated Na+ channels

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13
Q

What does Class II target?

A

B-adrenoceptor (as antagonists)

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14
Q

What does Class III target?

A

Voltage-activated K+ channels

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15
Q

What does Class IV target?

A

Voltage-activated Ca2+ channels

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16
Q

What is the order that class IA, IB and IC drugs dissociate from Na+ channels? fastest -> slowest

A

IB - rapid rate
IA - moderately slow
IC - slow rate

17
Q

What is the function of Class II drugs?

A

decrease rate of depolarisation in SV and AV nodes

18
Q

What is the function of Class III drugs?

A

prolong the action potential duration which increases the refractory period

19
Q

What is the function of Class IV drugs?

A

slows the conduction in SA and AV nodes

decreases force of contraction

20
Q

What is the function of Class IA drugs?

A

Slows the rate of rising action potential and prolonges refractory period

21
Q

What is the function of Class IB drugs?

A

Prevents premature beats

22
Q

What is the function of Class IC drugs?

A

Depresses conduction

1. Cardiovascular (30 decks)

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