Cardiovascular risk factors Flashcards
1
Q
What is atherosclerosis?
A
progressive disease that is characterized by a build up of plaque within the arteries
2
Q
What is plaque formed from?
A
fatty substances, cholesterol, cellular waste, calcium, and fibrin
3
Q
How can plaque block an artery?
A
bleeding into the plaque, or formation of a clot on the surface of the plaque
4
Q
What are the signs of high cholesterol?
A
- Tendon xanthomas
- Xanthelasma
- Tuberous xanthomas
- Eruptive xanthomas
5
Q
Which type of cholesterol has a protective effect for risk of atherosclerosis and CHD?
A
HDL cholesterol
6
Q
Risk factors for CHD events?
A
- low HDL cholesterol
- smoking
- hypertension
- diabetes
7
Q
What are the effects of statins?
A
improvement of endothelial dysfunction increased nitric oxide bioavailability antioxidant properties inhibition of inflammatory responses stabilisation of atherosclerotic plaques
