Anti-semitism Flashcards
What was the name of the area of western Russia that jews were confined to?
Pale of Settlement
Under Alexander II, amongst who did anti-semitism exist and why? (3)
- Poorer elements of society
- Their teachings of the orthodox church
- hated their money-lending and personal riches
Until when did Alexander II allow the wealthier Jews to settle elsewhere?
Polish revolt
What did Alexander II do that encouraged anti-semitism?
reducing the participation of Jews in town government
Which Minister under Alexander III used inflammatory slogans?
Pobedonostsev
What were the political grounds for Alexander III’s anti-Semitism? (2)
- Russian press helped to encourage the belief that Jews had orchestrated Alexander II’s assassination
- There was a real fear of Jewish involvement in the growing opposition movements
When did the Jewish Pogroms take place? (2)
1881-1884
Where did the anti-Jewish pogroms break out in?
Ukraine
When were the pogroms banned?
1882
What group helped coordinate the early attacks and who were they supported by? (2)
- Holy League
- Pobedonostsev
How many major cities were affected by the pogroms?
16
In what year did a decree come out that reduced the number of Jewish doctors permitted in the Russian army?
1882
What happened following the pogroms?
Many Jews left the country, forcibly expelled and of their own free will
What happened from 1890?
Foreign Jews along with Russian Jews who had settled outside the Pale, began to be deported.
What were the effects of such policies?
It drove a disproportionate number of Jews towards revolutionary groups, particularly Marxist socialist organisations.
