ANTI-INFECTIVES: DYES + MERCURIALS

Question 1

Mixture of chlorides of rosaniline and p-rosaniline

Answer 1

Basic fuchsin

Question 2

Basic fuchsin is a ____ crystalline powder with a metallic appearance

Answer 2

Green

Question 3

Gram ____ bacteria are resistant to cationic dyes.

Answer 3

Negative

Question 4

Forms colorless leucobase under alkaline condition

Answer 4

Cationic dyes

Question 5

2 Triphenylmethane dyes

Answer 5

1. Gentian violet
2. Basic Fuchscin

Question 6

Methylene blue is a ____ dye.

Answer 6

Thiazine

Question 7

Available as green powder or green flakes with metallic sheen

Answer 7

Gentian Violet

Question 8

SYNONYMS

Methylrosaniline chloride

Answer 8

Gentian Violet

Question 9

Available as vaginal suppository or pessaries for the treatment of yeast infections.

Answer 9

Gentian Violet

Question 10

____% Gentian Violet solution is used for the treatment of ringworm and yeast infection.

Answer 10

1-3%

Question 11

Gentian violet is used orally as an anthelmintic for ____ and ____.

Answer 11

Threadworm, Pinworm

Question 12

Basic fuchscin is a component of ____, treatment of fungal infections like ringworm and athlete’s foot

Answer 12

Castellani’s Paint
(Carbol-Fuchsin Solution)

Question 13

Dark green powder with a metallic appearance

Answer 13

Methylene Blue

Question 14

Brand name for methylene blue

Answer 14

Urised

Question 15

Methylene Blue can cause ____ and can tint the urine and stool ____.

Answer 15

Methemoglobinemia
Blue-green

Question 16

Useful for the treatment of cystitis and urethritis

Answer 16

Methylene Blue

Question 17

Methylene Blue is an antidote for ____ and ____ poisoning.

Answer 17

Cyanide and Nitrate

Question 18

Local anti-infective and treatment of syphilis

Answer 18

Elemental Mercury

Question 19

Responsible for the red-orange color of merthiolate

Answer 19

Mercurochrome/Merbromin

Question 20

SYNONYMS

Merbromin

Answer 20

Mercurochrome

Question 21

SYNONYMS

Nitromersol

Answer 21

Methaphen

Question 22

SYNONYMS

Merthiolate

Answer 22

Thimerosal

Old component of Gamot na Pula

Question 23

Cationic dyes are active against gram ____ and ____ fungi.

Answer 23

1. Positive
2. Inactivating

Question 24

Cationic dyes forms colorless ____ under alkaline condition.

Answer 24

Leucobase

Question 25

2 Classes of Organomercurials

Answer 25

1. At least 1 C-Hg bond that does not ionize readily
2. Hg bonded to heteroatoms

Question 26

MOA of organomercurials

Answer 26

Reacts with -SH of proteins by forming R-S-Hg-R’

Question 27

SAR of organomercurials

Answer 27

Organic = increased lipid solubility = bacteriostatic