Anti-HTN drugs

Question 1

-thiazide - (ABC or D?), MOA, SE

Answer 1

diuretic

affect sodium reabsorption at distal tubule

hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hyperglycemia

Question 2

• loop diuretics - (ABC or D?), MOA, SE

Answer 2

diuretic

inhibits sodium reabsorption in ascending loop of henle

hypokalemia, dehydration, ototoxicity (hearing probs from meds)

Question 3

• potassium-sparing - (ABC or D?), MOA, SE

Answer 3

diuretic

inhibits sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion at collecting ducts

hyperkalemia, gynecomastia (breast growth in men)

Question 4

beta blockers - suffix, MOA, SE

Answer 4

-olol

block beta-adrenergic receptors, reduce HR and CO

fatigue, bradycardia, weight gain, depression

Question 5

ACE inhibitors - suffix, MOA, SE

Answer 5

-pril

block conversion of angiotensin I and II; reduce vasoconstriction and aldosterone release

persistent cough, elevated blood urea nitrogen, elevated serum creatinine, hyperkalemia

Question 6

ARBs - suffix, MOA, SE

Answer 6

-artan

block angiotensin II receptors; reduce vasoconstriction and aldosterone release

dizziness, elevated blood urea nitrogen, elevated serum creatinine, hyperkalemia

Question 7

calcium channel blockers - examples, MOA, SE

Answer 7

amlodipine and diltiazem

block Ca channels in vascular smooth mus, reduce mus contraction and arterial constriction

edema, flushing, palpitations, constipation

Question 8

alpha blockers - examples, MOA, SE

Answer 8

doxazosin and terazosin

block alpha-1 adrenergic receptors, reduce vascular smooth mus contraction

dizziness, palpitations, OH

Question 9

centrally acting agents - examples, MOA, SE

Answer 9

clonidine and methyldopa

stimulate alpha 2 adrenergic receptors in CNS, reduce sympathetic outflow of vasculature

dry mouth, sedation, rebound HTN