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Anterior Thigh Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What are the anterior thigh muscles?

A
  1. Sartorius
  2. Articularis Genu
  3. Quadriceps Femoris (Rectus Femoris, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Intermedialis)
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2
Q

Sartorius Muscle Origin

A

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)

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3
Q

Sartorius Muscle Insertion

A

Proximal, medial surface of tibia into Pes Anserinus

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4
Q

Sartorius Muscle Innervation

A

Femoral Nerve (L2-L3)

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5
Q

Sartorius Muscle Action

A

FABER - Hip Flexion, Hip Abduction, Hip External rotation, Knee Flexion

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6
Q

Articularis Genu Muscle Origin

A

Inferior Anterior Femur

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7
Q

Articularis Genu Muscle Insertion

A

Superior margin of knee joint capsule

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8
Q

Articularis Genu Muscle Innervation

A

Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)

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9
Q

Articularis Genu Muscle Action

A

Pulls the capsule of the knee up with knee extension

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10
Q

What are the 4 Quadriceps Femoris Muscles?

A
  1. Rectus Femoris
  2. Vastus Intermedius
  3. Vastus Medialis
  4. Vastus Lateralis
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11
Q

Rectus Femoris Origin

A

Straight Head: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine

Reflected Head: Groove above the acetabulum

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12
Q

Rectus Femoris Insertion

A

Base of Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

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13
Q

Rectus Femoris Innervation

A

Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)

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14
Q

Rectus Femoris Action

A

Knee Extension, Hip flexion

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15
Q

Vastus Lateralis Origin

A

Lateral lip linea aspera (upper 1/2), lateral margin gluteal tuberosity, margin of greater trochanter, lateral part of intertrochanteric line.

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16
Q

Vastus Lateralis Insertion

A

Lateral border of patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

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17
Q

Vastus Lateralis Innervation

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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18
Q

Vastus Lateralis Action

A

Knee Extension

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19
Q

Vastus Medialis Origin

A

Medial Supracondylar line, Medial lip linea aspera, pectineal line, medial part of intertrochanteric line of femur

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20
Q

Vastus Medialis Insertion

A

Medial border of patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

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21
Q

Vastus Medialis Innervation

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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22
Q

Vastus Medialis Action

A

Knee Extension

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23
Q

Vastus Intermedius Origin

A

Upper 2/3 anterior and lateral surface of femur to lateral lip of linea aspera

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24
Q

Vastus Intermedius Insertion

A

Base of Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

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25
Q

Vastus Intermedius Innervation

A

Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)

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26
Q

Vastus Intermedius Action

A

Knee Extension

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27
Q

Gracilis Origin

A

Inferior margin of pubic ramus

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28
Q

Gracilis Insertion

A

Proximal, Medial surface of tibia into Pes Anserinus

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29
Q

Gracilis Innervation

A

Obturator nerve - anterior division (L2-L3)

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30
Q

Gracilis Action

A

Hip adduction; Knee flexion

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31
Q

Pectineus Origin

A

Pecten Pubis (Pectineal Line)

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32
Q

Pectineus Insertion

A

Pectineal line of femur bone

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33
Q

What quadriceps muscle acts at both the knee and hip?

A

The Rectus Femoris. it does Hip flexion and knee extension

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34
Q

Pectineus Innervation

A

Femoral Nerve (L2-L3)

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35
Q

Pectineus Action

A

Hip flexion; Hip adduction

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36
Q

Adductor Longus Origin

A

By cordlike tendon from pubic body just inferior to pubic tubercle and crest

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37
Q

Adductor Longus Insertion

A

Middle 1/3 medial lip of linea aspera of femur

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38
Q

Adductor Longus Innervation

A

Obturator nerve - Anterior division (L2-L4)

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39
Q

Adductor Longus Action

A

Adduction of hip, Assists with medial rotation

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40
Q

Adductor Brevis Origin

A

Inferior pubic ramus between origins of gracilis and obturator externus

41
Q

Adductor Brevis Insertion

A

Upper 1/3 of medial lip of linea aspera and posterior surface of femur to lesser trochanter

42
Q

Adductor Brevis Innervation

A

Obturator nerve - anterior and/or posterior divisions (L2-L3)

43
Q

Adductor Brevis Action

A

Hip Adduction, Weak medial rotation

44
Q

Adductor Magnus Origin

A

Adductor Part: Ischiopubic ramus

Hamstring Part: inferior part of ischial tuberosity

45
Q

Adductor Magnus Insertion

A

Adductor Part: Medial margin gluteal tuberosity, intermediate lip of linea aspera, medial supracondylar ridge
Hamstring Part: Adductor tubercle

46
Q

Adductor Magnus Innervation

A

Adductor Part: Obturator nerve - posterior division (L2-L4)

Hamstring Part: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L4)

47
Q

Adductor Magnus Action

A

Hip adduction and assists with medial rotation; Hip extension by hamstring portion

48
Q

What quadriceps muscle acts at both the knee and hip?

A

The Rectus Femoris. it does Hip flexion and knee extension

49
Q

Adductor Hiatus Location

A

Adductor canal leads to adductor hiatus

opening in adductor magnus’ insertion

50
Q

Adductor Hiatus Contents

A
  1. Femoral Artery and vein

2. Articular branch of obturator nerve

51
Q

True or False: The Femoral artery and vein become popliteal artery and vein once they pass through the Adductor Hiatus

52
Q

Bones involved in the hip joint:

A

Acetabulum and femur head

53
Q

What are the structures of the acetabulum?

A
  1. Ilium
  2. Ischium
  3. Pubis
  4. Acetabular notch
54
Q

Direction of the femoral head in the hip joint

A

Directed medially, superiorly, and slightly anterior.

55
Q

Function of the Acetabular labrum?

A

Increase the surface area of the acetabulum for a better fit with the femur head.

56
Q

Hip Joint Classification

A

Synovial; Ball and Socket

57
Q

Transverse acetabular ligament

A

Continuation of acetabular labrum over acetabular notch

58
Q

Ligamentum Teres (Ligament of the head of the femur)

A
  • Attached to fovea capitis
  • Two bands attaching to both sides of acetabular notch and transverse acetabular ligament
  • Lined with synovial membrane
  • Houses branch of obturator artery
  • helps check abdution
59
Q

Ligamentum Teres (Ligament of the head of the femur)

A
  • Attached to fovea capitis
  • Two bands attaching to both sides of acetabular notch and transverse acetabular ligament
  • Lined with synovial membrane
  • Houses branch of obturator artery
  • helps check abduction
60
Q

Ligamentum Teres (Ligament of the head of the femur)

A
  • Attached to fovea capitis
  • Two bands attaching to both sides of acetabular notch and transverse acetabular ligament
  • Lined with synovial membrane
  • Houses branch of obturator artery
  • helps check abduction
61
Q

Blood supply to the hip

A
  • From obturator artery
  • Acetabular branch
  • Artery of ligament of the head - goes through the ligamentum teres to the head of the femur
62
Q

Ligaments of the hip Joint

A
  1. Iliofemoral ligament
  2. Pubofemoral ligament
  3. Ischiofemoral ligament
63
Q

Ligaments of the hip Joint

A
  1. Iliofemoral ligament
  2. Pubofemoral ligament
  3. Ischiofemoral ligament
64
Q

Iliofemoral Ligament

A
  • Strongest ligament in the body
  • Keeps extension in check
  • Runs from Asis and upper rim of acetabulum into 2 parts: 1. Transverse: Femoral neck and upper portion of intertrochanteric line 2. Descending: Descending to lower portion of intertrochanteric line
65
Q

Pubofemoral ligament

A
  • Runs from obturator crest of pubic bone and blends with joint capsule and medial portion of iliofemoral ligament
  • Checks extension and abduction of hip
66
Q

Pubofemoral ligament

A
  • Runs from obturator crest of pubic bone and blends with joint capsule and medial portion of iliofemoral ligament
  • Checks extension and abduction of hip
67
Q

Ischiofemoral ligament

A
  • Runs form ischial portion of acetabular rim superior/lateral to the femoral neck spiraling to medial side base of greater trochanter
  • Weak ligament
  • Most posterior strength is from gluteal muscles
68
Q

Ischiofemoral ligament

A
  • Runs form ischial portion of acetabular rim superior/lateral to the femoral neck spiraling to medial side base of greater trochanter
  • Weak ligament
  • Most posterior strength is from gluteal muscles
69
Q

Hip joint: Movements:

A
  1. Flexion/Extension
  2. Abduction/ Adduction
  3. Medial/Lateral Rotation
  4. Circumduction
70
Q

Hip Joint: Accessory Structures

A
  1. Sacrotuberous ligament

2. Sacrospinous ligament

71
Q

Hip Joint: Nerve Supply

A
  1. Femoral
  2. Obturator
  3. Superior gluteal
72
Q

Hip Joint: Nerve Supply

A
  1. Femoral
  2. Obturator
  3. Superior gluteal
73
Q

Blood supply to hip and thigh

A

Abdominal Aorta -> Right/Left common iliac Artery -> Internal Iliac and External Iliac Artery

74
Q

What are the branches of the internal Iliac artery?

A
  1. Superior Gluteal Artery
  2. Inferior Gluteal Artery
  3. Obturator Artery
75
Q

What are the branches of the external iliac artery?

A

Nothing, the femoral artery is a continuation of the External iliac artery.

76
Q

Where does the name change of the external iliac artery?

A

As the external iliac artery passes the inguinal ligament it changes names to Femoral artery.

77
Q

What are the branches of femoral artery?

A
  1. Profunda Femoris (deep artery of the thigh)
  2. Medial circumflex Artery
  3. Lateral Circumflex Artery
  4. Perforating Branches ( there are 4)
78
Q

Which arterial branches exit through the greater sciatic foramen?

A

Super and inferior gluteal arteries (they are branches of the internal iliac artery)

79
Q

Which arterial branch exits through the greater obturator foramen?

A

Obturator Artery

80
Q

Superior Gluteal Artery Pathway

A

travels superior to Piriformis muscle through greater sciatic foramen

Supplies gluteus Minimus and Medius

81
Q

Inferior Gluteal Artery Pathway

A

Travels inferior to piriformis muscle through greater sciatic foramen and supplies Gluteus Maximus and deep gluteal muscles

82
Q

Obturator Artery Pathway

A

Travels to obturator foramen then branches into anterior/posterior division

Posterior division has acetabular branch that travels up acetabular notch to femoral head

83
Q

External iliac pathway

A

Becomes femoral artery after passing under the inguinal ligament.

Travels through femoral triangle, down the adductor canal, through adductor hiatus to popliteal space.

Changes names to popliteal artery as it passes through adductor hiatus.

84
Q

Femoral Artery Pathway

A

Profunda Femoris Artery (deep femoral artery)

  • Branch of Femoral artery
  • Asses superficial to pectineus, then deep to adductor longus
85
Q

Branches of the Profunda Femoris Artery

A
  • Medial femoral circumflex artery
  • Lateral femoral circumflex artery
  • Four perforating branches
86
Q

Profunda Femoris Artery - Medial femoral circumflex

A

Travels medial and posterior to neck of femur

Supplies most of head and neck of femur

87
Q

Profunda Femoris Artery - Lateral femoral circumflex

A

Travels deep to sartorius and rectus femoris muscles toward anterior surface of femur

has three branches: 1. Ascending, 2. Transverse, and 3. Descending

88
Q

Profunda Femoris Artery and 4 perforating branches

A

Given as the profunda femoris artery travels distallly piercing through the adductor magnus to supply the posterior thigh.

89
Q

True/False: The first perforating branch travels superior to the Adductor Brevis Muscle?

90
Q

True/False: The second perforating branch travels superior to the Adductor Brevis Muscle?

A

False - It travels anterior

91
Q

True/False: The third perforating branch travels Inferior to the Adductor Longus Muscle?

A

False - it travels inferior to the adductor brevis muscle

92
Q

True/False: The Terminal end of the profunda femoris is the end of the profunda femoris

93
Q

Femoral Nerve Pathway

A

Lies lateral to femoral artery in the femoral triangle
not in the femoral sheath

Supplies anterior thigh muscles, skin on ant/med thigh and medial side of leg and foot

94
Q

Femoral Nerve Branches

A

Anterior Cutaneous branch: Supplies skin to anterior thigh and knee

Motor nerve branches: To anterior thigh muscles

Saphenous nerve: Cutaneous; Travels with femoral vessels through adductor canal; superficial to medial side of knee; travels down leg to supply medial side of leg and foot

95
Q

Obturator nerve - posterior branch

A

Travels posterior to the Adductor Brevis Muscle

Supplies obturator externus muscle, adductor brevis and adductor magnus (adductor portion)

96
Q

Obturator nerve - anterior branch

A

Travels anterior to the Adductor Brevis Muscle

Supplies Adductor Longus, Gracilis, and Adductor Brevis

97
Q

What are the two branches of the obturator nerve?

A

Posterior and anterior branches

98
Q

True or false: the obturator nerve exits the pelvis through the obturator canal?

Anatomy (18 decks)

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