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MSK Exam 2 > Anterior & Medial Thigh > Flashcards

Anterior & Medial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

This vein makes up the medial side of the Dorsal Venous Arch of the foot and travels up the medial side of the leg and thigh.

A

Great Saphenous V.

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2
Q

The Great Saphenous V. terminates in the ________ _______ on the anterior thigh in the ________ _______ (hole in deep fascia).

A

Femoral V.

Saphenous hiatus

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3
Q

What are the tributaries that feed into the Great Saphenous V.?

A

External Pudendal V.
Superficial Circumflex Iliac V.
Superficial Epigastric V.

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4
Q

These LNs have two groups in two locations, the Horizontal and Vertical group.

A

Superficial Inguinal LNs

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5
Q

What are the two groups of the Superficial Inguinal LNs?

A

Horizontal Group = Superior

Vertical Group = Inferior

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6
Q

This group of the Superficial Inguinal LNs drains the anterior abdominal wall inferior to the umbilicus, penis, scrotum, vulva, lower vagina, lower anal canal, and lateral thigh.

A

Horizontal Group = Superior

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7
Q

This group of the Superficial Inguinal LNs drains the superficial tissue of the LE.

A

Vertical Group = Inferior

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8
Q

The Superficial Inguinal LNs drains all superficial structures in the LE except what?

A

Dorsolateral foot and posterior calf

***These are drained by Popliteal LNs

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9
Q

This nerve arises from L2-3 and provides sensory innervation to the anterior and lateral thigh.

A

Lateral Femoral Cutaneous N.

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10
Q

This nerve arises from L1-2 and provides sensory innervation to the scrotum, labia majora, and medial thigh. It also provides motor innervation to the Cremaster M.

A

Femoral Branch of the Genitofemoral N.

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11
Q

This nerve arises from L2-4 and provides sensory innervation to the medial thigh. It also provides motor innervation to the Obturator Externus M., Adductor Longus M., Adductor Brevis M., Gracilis M., Pectinous M., and Adductor Magnus M.

A

Obturator N.

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12
Q

This is the term for “Gun Belt Palsy”. It’s caused by an impingement of the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous N. and results in a tingling numbness of the lateral thigh.

A

Meralgia Paresthetica

***Common examples are numbness in police officers, electricians, pregnancy, obesity and anyone who wears a heavy belt and/or impinges the inguinal region.

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13
Q

This is a dense CT that surrounds the entire thigh and lies deep to the Subcutaneous Fascia.

A

Fascia Lata

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14
Q

Fascia Lata is made of mostly (VERTICAL/HORIZONTAL) fibers, except the Iliotibial Tract which is (VERTICAL/HORIZONTAL).

A

Horizontal

Vertical

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15
Q

This consists of the aponeuroses of the Gluteus Maximus M. and the Tensor Fascia Lata M.

A

Iliotibial Tract

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16
Q

The Iliotibial Tract attaches to _______ _______, the anterolateral tubercle of the Tibia.

A

Gerdy’s Tubercle

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17
Q

The ________ ________ are extension of the Fascia Lata that attach to the femur and form intramuscular compartments.

A

Intramuscular Septa

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18
Q

What are the compartments created by the Intramuscular Septa (from Fascia Lata)?

A

Anterior Compartment
Medial Compartment
Posterior Compartment

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19
Q

What muscles make up the Anterior Compartment of the thigh?

A

Iliopsoas M.
Sartorius M.
Quadriceps Femoris Ms.
Articularis Genu M.

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20
Q

What muscles make up the Medial Compartment of the thigh?

A 
Adductor Longus M.
Adductor Brevis M.
Adductor Magnus M. 
Gracilis M. 
Pectineus M.

***Pectineus M. could be considered in Anterior Compartment because it’s a flexor of the thigh and innervated by Femoral N., but it lies within the Medial Compartment.

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21
Q

What muscles make up the Posterior Compartment of the thigh?

A

Biceps Femoris M.
Semitendinosus M.
Semimembranosus M.

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22
Q

This is the longest muscle of the body.

A

Sartorius M.

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23
Q

What actions does Psoas Major M. perform on its own?

A

Laterally flex the vertebral column

Balances and flexes the trunk

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24
Q

What actions does Iliacus M. perform on its own?

A

Flexes hip

Stabilizes the hip joint

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25
Q

What actions does the Iliopsoas M. perform?

A

Flexes hip

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26
Q

What actions does the Sartorius M. perform?

A

Flexes hip
Abducts hip
Laterally rotates hip

Flexes knee
Medially rotates knee

27
Q

What actions do the Quadriceps Femoris Ms. perform?

A

Extend knee

  • **Rectus Femoris M. also flexes hip
  • **Vastus Medialis M. also stabilizes patella
28
Q

Which of the Quadriceps Femoris Ms. also aids in hip flexion?

A

Rectus Femoris M.

***It crosses both the hip joint and knee joint, which is why it has actions with both!

29
Q

Which of the Quadriceps Femoris Ms. also aids in patella stabilization?

A

Vastus Medialis M.

30
Q

What innervates the Anterior Compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral N.

***Except Psoas Major M. on its own, which is L1-3

31
Q

What are the actions of the Articularis Genu M.?

A

Tightens capsule of knee during leg extension

32
Q

This is the term for the insertion point of the tendons of Sartorius M., Gracilus M., and the Semitendinosus M. on the anteromedial aspect of the proximal Tibia.

A

Pes Anserinus

33
Q

This is the only muscle that you will find under a reflected Vastus Intermedius M.

A

Articularis Genu M.

34
Q

What cutaneous innervation does the Femoral N. provide?

A

Anterior and medial thigh

35
Q

This is the nerve that the Femoral N. transitions into, and it supplies cutaneous innervation to the medial leg and ankle.

A

Saphenous N.

36
Q

What vein does the Saphenous N. run with?

A

Great Saphenous V.

37
Q

Pectineus M. is often innervated by the Femoral N. but it can have dual innervation with what other nerve?

A

Obturator N.

38
Q

What is the spinal root origin of the Femoral N.?

A

L2-4

39
Q

The Femoral A. is a continuation of the _______ _______ A. and enters the thigh beneath the ________ ________ midway between the ASIS and Pubic Tubercle.

A

External Iliac

Inguinal Ligament

40
Q

What are the 4 main branches of the Femoral A.?

A

External Pudendal A.
Superficial Epigastric A.
Superficial Circumflex Iliac A.
Profunda Femoris A. (Deep Femoral A.)

41
Q

These two arterial branches tend to branch off the Profunda Femoris A., but could also branch directly off the Femoral A. They form an anastomosis with each other.

A

Medial Femoral Circumflex A.

Lateral Femoral Circumflex A.

42
Q

This branch of the Femoral A. supplies the external genitalia and anal canal.

A

External Pudendal A.

43
Q

This branch of the Femoral A. supplies the anterior abdominal wall.

A

Superficial Epigastric A.

44
Q

This branch of the Femoral A. supplies the lateral thigh.

A

Superficial Circumflex Iliac A.

45
Q

This branch of the Femoral A. supplies the hip joint and the three muscular compartments.

A

Profunda Femoris A.

46
Q

This branch of the Profunda Femoris A. (or Femoral A.) supplies the head and neck of the Femur.

A

Medial Femoral Circumflex A.

47
Q

This branch of the Profunda Femoris A. (or Femoral A.) supplies the lateral thigh muscles.

A

Lateral Femoral Circumflex A.

48
Q

This branches off the Medial Femoral Circumflex A. and supplies the head and neck of the Femur.

A

Posterior Retinacular A.

49
Q

This artery provides blood supply to the ligament of the head of the Femur. It can originate from the Medial Femoral Circumflex A.

A

Acetabular Branch of Obturator A.

50
Q

If blood flow is lost to the head of the Femur, it can result in ________ ________ of the femoral head.

A

Avascular Necrosis

51
Q

What is the main function of all the muscles of the Medial Compartment of the thigh?

A

Adduct hip

52
Q

The whole Adductor Magnus M. will adduct the hip, but what do the upper and lower fibers do individually?

A

Upper fibers = Flex hip

Lower fibers = Extend hip

53
Q

The Pectineus M. and Adductor Brevis M. will both adduct the hip, but they both will also do what other action?

A

Flex hip

54
Q

The Gracilis M. performs what actions?

A

Adduct hip
Medially rotate thigh
Flex knee

55
Q

This is the only muscle in the Medial Compartment of the thigh to cross both the hip joint and the knee joint.

A

Gracilis M.

56
Q

What muscles in the Medial Compartment of the thigh are innervated by the Anterior Division of the Obturator N.?

A

Adductor Longus M.
Adductor Brevis M.
Gracilis M.

57
Q

What is Adductor Magnus M. innervated by?

A

Upper fibers = Posterior Divison of Obturator N.

Lower fibers = Tibial Division of Sciatic N.

58
Q

What is the only muscle of the Medial Compartment of the thigh innervated by the Femoral N.?

A

Pectineus M.

59
Q

The Adductor Canal, or _______ _______, runs from the apex of the Femoral Triangle to the Adductor Hiatus.

A

Hunter’s Canal

60
Q

What are the boundaries of the Adductor Canal?

A 
Anteromedial = Sartorius M.
Lateral = Vastus Medialis M.
Posterior = Adductor Longus M. and Adductor Magnus M.

***Canal is made from fascial contributions of these muscles

61
Q

This is a gap between the adductor and hamstring attachments of the Adductor Magnus M.

A

Adductor Hiatus

62
Q

What are the contents of the Adductor Canal?

A 
Femoral A.
Femoral V.
Saphenous A.
Saphenous N. 
Nerve to Vastus Medialis M.
63
Q

What exits the Adductor Canal posteriorly through the Adductor Hiatus?

A

Popliteal A.

Popliteal V.

64
Q

This type of injury is caused by the strain or stretching of proximal attachments of the anteromedial thigh muscles (i.e., flexor and adductor muscular attachment points).

A

Pulled groin

***Proximal attachment are in Inguinal region at the junction of thigh and trunk (Think about where it hurts when you get a groin injury!!!)

MSK Exam 2 (26 decks)

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