Anterior and Posterior Components of the Arm Flashcards
What goes in the radial (spiral) groove of the humerus?
- Radial Nerve
2. Profunda Brachii Artery
What parts of the Lower Humerus are involved in the elbow joint?
- Trochlea
- Capitulum
- Coronoid Fossa
- Medial Epicondyle
- Lateral Epicondyle
- Olecranon Fossa
What parts of the Ulna are involved the elbow joint?
- Olecranon Process
2. Coronoid Process
What are the hinge joints of the elbow joint?
- Ulnohumeral Joint
2. Radiohumeral Joint
What movements do the hinge joints in the elbow permit?
Flexion and Extension
What are the pivot joints in the elbow joint?
Superior/Proximal Radioulnar joint
What movements does the pivot joint in the elbow permit?
Pronation and Supination
What are the Ligaments in the elbow joint?
- Anular Ligamnet
- Ulnar Collateral Ligament
- Radial Collateral Ligament
What is the shape of the angular ligament and what is its function?
- Donut Shape
- Keeps the head of the radius against the ulna
- Allows for pronation and supination
What is the structure of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament and its function?
3 Bands: Inferior, Anterior, Posterior
Function: Stabilise the ulna and keep it close to the humerus
What Muscles are in the Anterior Compartment of the arm?
The Flexors:
- Biceps Brachii
- Brachialis
- Coracobrachialis
- Brachioradialis
What are the origins of Biceps Brachii?
- Coracoid process of Scapula
2. Supraglenoid tubercle of Scapula
Where does the Biceps Brachii Attach?
- Radial Tuberosity
2. Becomes the Bicipital Aponeurosis
What is the nerve supply to the Biceps Brachii?
Musculocutaneous Nerve
What are the origins of Brachialis?
Lower half of the Humerus
Where does the Brachialis Attach?
Ulnar Tuberosity
What is the nerve supply of the Brachialis?
Musculocutaneous Nerve
What are the origins of Coracobrachialis?
Coracoid Process of Scapula
Where does the Coracobrachialis attach?
Midshaft of the Humerus
What is the nerve supply of the Corachobrachialis?
Musculocutaneous Nerve
What are the origins of Brachioradialis?
Lateral Supracondyle Ridge
Where does Brachioradialis attach?
Distal Styloid Process of the Radius
What is the nerve supply to the Brachioradialis?
Radial Nerve
What muscles are in the Posterior Compartment of the Arm?
- Triceps
2. Anconeus
What are the origins of the Triceps?
- Scapula
- Lateral border of Upper Humerus
- Lower Half of Humerus
Where does the Triceps attach?
Olecranon
What is the nerve supply to the Triceps?
Radial Nerve
What are the origins of the Anconeus?
Lateral Epicondyle
Where does Anconeus attach?
Dorsal Proximal Ulna
What is the nerve supply to the Anconeus?
Radial Nerve
What is the blood supply to the arm?
- Axillary Artery (all 3 parts)
- Brachial Artery
- Profunda Brachii Artery
What is the venous drainage of the arm?
- Cephalic Vein
- Basilic Vein
- Median Cubital Vein
- Axillary Vein
What is the nervous supply to the arm?
Brachial Plexus–> Mainly:
- Axillary Nerve
- Radial Nerve
- Median Nerve
- Musculocutaneus Nerve
- Ulnar Nerve
What are Dermatomes?
Parts of skin on the arm supplied by a single root of the brachial plexus
What is the main concern if someone has fractured their surgical neck of humerus?
Damage to Axillary Nerve
How do you check if the Axillary Nerve is still functional?
Feel the regimental patch area on the skin–> Axillary Nerve Sensory Innervation
What is the main concern if someone has fractured their midshaft of humerus?
Damage to the Radial Nerve
How can you tell if someone has injured their Radial Nerve?
The Patient will present with wrist drop
What is the main concern if someone has a ruptured tendon on the upper arm?
The long head of biceps is damaged
What is Volkmann’s Contracture?
- The patient is unable to extend the hand at the wrist even when extensors are activated
- The forearm muscles in the flexor compartment are short and fibrotic
