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Anatomy > Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

from the skin to the parietal peritoneum, what are the fascial layers of the abdominal wall?

A

skin, fatty layer, membranous layer, transversalis fascia, parietal peritoneum

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2
Q

what are the attachment, innervation, and action of the external oblique muscle?

A

attachment - external surface of ribs 5-12, linea alba, pubic tubercle, anterior 1/2 iliac crest

innervation - thoracoabdominal nerve (T7-11), subcostal nerve (T12)

action - flexion and contralateral rotation of trunk

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3
Q

what does the inferior margin of the external oblique form?

A

inguinal ligament

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4
Q

what muscle of the abdominal wall is the largest and most superficial with fibers that run inferomedially?

A

external oblique

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5
Q

what are the attachment, innervation, and action of the internal oblique muscle?

A

attachment - thoracolumbar fascia, anterior 2/3 iliac crest, inguinal ligament, inferior border of ribs 10-12, linea alba, pecten pubis

innervation - thoracolumbar nerve, subcostal nerve, 1st lumbar nerve

action - flexion and ipsilateral rotation of trunk

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6
Q

what muscle of the abdominal wall is the intermediate layer, with an inferior margin that helps form the conjoint tendon

A

internal oblique

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7
Q

the neurovascular plane is where in relation to the internal oblique muscle?

A

deep

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8
Q

what vessels are a part of the neurovascular plane?

A

thoracoabdominal nerve, subcostal nerve, iliohypogastric nerve, ilioinguinal nerve, inferior intercostal artery, subcostal artery, lumbar artery, deep circumflex iliac artery

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9
Q

what are the attachment, innervation, and action of the transversus abdominis?

A

attachment - internal surface of costal cartilage 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament, linea alba, pubic crest, pecten pubis

innervation - thoracolumbar nerve, subcostal nerve, L1

action - compress abdominal viscera

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10
Q

what muscle is the innermost of the abdominal wall?

A

transversus abdominis

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11
Q

what muscle is the vertical muscle of the abdominal wall?

A

rectus abdominis

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12
Q

what are the attachment, innervation, and action of the rectus abdominis?

A

attachment - pubic symphysis, pubic crest, xiphoid process, 5-7th costal cartilage

innervation - thoracoabdominal nerve

action - flex trunk, compress abdominal viscera

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13
Q

what is the rectus abdominis enclosed in?

A

rectus sheath

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14
Q

what are the connective tissues that are part of the rectus abdominis?

A

tendinous intersections, linea alba, umbilical ring

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15
Q

what are the functions of the muscle of the abdominal wall?

A

support abdomen, protect underlying viscera, increase abdominal pressure, move trunk, maintain posture

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16
Q

what muscles perform flexion of the trunk?

A

rectus abdominis, psoas major

17
Q

what muscles perform ipsilateral rotation of the trunk?

A

internal oblique, iliocostalis, longissimus

18
Q

what muscles perform contralateral rotation of the trunk?

A

external oblique, transversospinalis

19
Q

what are the nerves that are found in the anterior abdominal wall?

A

thoracoabdominal nerves (branch into anterior abdominal cutaneous nerves), subcostal nerves (T12 ventral ramus), iliohypogastric nerves (L1 ventral ramus), ilioinguinal nerves (L1 ventral ramus), nerve to umbilicus (T10)

20
Q

what forms the inguinal ligament?

A

inferior margin of external oblique

21
Q

what are the boundaries of the inguinal ligament?

A

ASIS to pubic tubercle

22
Q

what does the inguinal ligament form?

A

anterior and inferior wall of inguinal canal

23
Q

what reinforces the inguinal canal?

A

lacunar ligament

24
Q

what is the opening of the femoral canal inferior to the inguinal canal?

A

femoral ring

25
Q

what structures form the superficial inguinal ring?

A

lateral crus, medial crus, intercrural fibers

26
Q

where is the epididymis located?

A

posterior surface of testis

27
Q

what forms the scrotum?

A

skin, dartos fascia

28
Q

the epididymis is continuous with what structure?

A

ductus deferens

29
Q

what are the parts of the epididymis?

A

head, tail, body

30
Q

what covers the testis?

A

tunica albuginea

31
Q

what are the main contents of the inguinal canal?

A

spermatic cord (males), round ligament of uterus (females)

32
Q

what forms the roof of the inguinal canal?

A

fibers of internal oblique

33
Q

what forms the posterior wall of the inguinal canal and forms the deep inguinal ring?

A

transversalis fascia

34
Q

what are the contents of the spermatic cord?

A

ductus deferens, testicular artery, artery of ductus deferens, cremasteric artery, pampiniform plexus, sympathetic nerves, genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

35
Q

what are the coverings of the spermatic cord?

A

internal spermatic fascia, cremasteric fascia, external spermatic fascia

36
Q

what are hernia sites in the inguinal region?

A

femoral, inguinal, obturator

Anatomy (8 decks)

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