Antepartum Terms To Remember Flashcards
Gravida
Number of pregnancies
Regardless of duration including a pregnancy in progress
Nuligravida
Never been pregnant
Primigravida
Pregnant only once
Multigravida
Pregnant more than once
Para
of pregnancies that have reached 20 wks or more
How many paras are multiple birth
It counts as 1 para
Age of viability
20 weeks fetal lungs mature enough for fetal survival outside the uterus
AB
Any pregnancy loss occurring less than 20 weeks is counted as an abortion
GTPAL..M
Gravida
Term
Prefer,
Abortions
Living
Multiple
Term
of pregnancies delivered between 38-40 weeks
Preterm
of pregnancies delivered 37 wks or less
Living
children surviving birth ( twin multiples count individually here)
M multiples in gtpalm
of multiple gestational pregnancies
First visit pregnancy pulse rate
Avg 60-90 BPM ( it increases 10-20 beats around 32 wks)
1st visit pregnancy vitals resp rate
16-24 breaths per minute
Blood presssure in the first visit preggo vitals
Increases 1st trimester due to peripheral vascular resistance
Systolic BP in first trimester
Slight to no increase no more than 30 mmhg
Diastolic in the first trimester
Slight decrease 24-32 wks 10 -20 mmhg
Avg rand 90-140 / 60-90
EDC
Estimated date of confinement
EDD
Estimated due date
EDB
Estimated date of birth
LMP
Last menstrual period
Formula for nageles rule
LMP- 3 mo
Add 7 days
= EDD
FHR for babies non stress test interpretation for over 32 wks -reactive
FHR increases 15 beats above baseline for 15 seconds 2-3 x in 20 min
FHR for babe that is less than 32 wks on non stress interpretation ( reactive)
FHR increase 10 beats above baseline for 10 seconds 2-3 x
Non reactive stress test interpretation
Fewer than two acceleration during 40 min period
Which NST interpretations are associated with increase Caesarian delivery and still birth
Decelertions tht persist for 1 min or longer
Biophysical profile BPP score 8/10
Reassuring score all good n well
6/10 BPP score
Equiviqual and may indicate the need for delivery depending on gestational age
4/10 BPP score
Delivery is recommended due to a strong correlation w chronic asphyxia
Score of 2/10 or less BPP
Prompt immediate delivery
BPP
Biophysical profile
Combines electronic fetal monitoring with ultrasound assessment of fetal biophysical characteristics
Contraction stress test
Tool to assesss fetal well being and uteri placental function by monitoring fetal heart rate in response to contraction
Non stress test
An nst evaluates the ability of the fetal heart to accelerate either spontaneously or in association with fetal movement
Ambivalence
Mom hs conflicting thoughts about pregnancy
Starts in the first trimester
1st and 2nd pregnancy worries
When does ambivalence start to wane off?
In the second trimester
Maternal risk of pregnancy in the 1st trimester
Role play, feed other infants , practice
2nd trimester maternal task of pregnancy
Fantasy- day dream about infant and behaviors
Maternal task of pregnancy of the third trimester
Nesting
Role fit set
I want to be a good mom
Three phases to paternal response
Announcement
Moratorium
Focusing
Announcement phase
Accepts biological facts of pregnancy
Joy or dismayed of confirmation of pregnancy
Ambivalance
Couvade syndrome (feel preggo symptoms)
Moratorium phase
Period of adjustment to the reality of the pregnancy
Accepts
Introspective (engages in convo about parenting))
Can be short or last into the 3rd trimester , just depends when dad is ready
Focusing phase
Active involvement in pregnancy
Negotiates role in labor delivery and parenthood
Sees himself as father
IUDR
Intrauterine growth restriction
Human chorionic gonadotropin ( Hcg)
Hormone detected in pregnancy test
Produced by placenta after implantation
Essential in early pregnancy
Progesterone
Maintains uterine lining , relaxes smooth muscles. , helps uterus grow as baby grows in pregnancy
Estrogen
Stimulates uterine growth and increases blood supply and helps fetal organs develop
Which two hormones play a big factor in body changes
Progesterone and estrogen
Prolactin
PREPERATION for lactation contributes to enlargement of mammary glands preps for milk production
Helps in getting ready for breast feeding
Relaxin
Inhibits the uterine activity prevention premature birth but it also softens and lengthens cervix and relaxes joints to get body ready for delivery
Oxytocin hormone
Causes uterine muscle contraction and triggers prostaglandins to increase contraction
If labor does not start naturally can be induce … also stimulates milk
Hegar’s sign
Softening of isthmus cervix
( before the pregnancy it will feel like the tip of the nose and after it will feel like ear lobe)
Maternal change @ 8wks
Goodell sign
Maternal change at 8 wks
Softening of cervix
Chadwick sign
Maternal change at 8 wks
Bluish purple color of vag
What two hormones can contribute to nausea and vomiting in the first 12 weeks
Estrogen and hcg levels
At 12 wks where does thhe uterus rise to
Above the pelvic brim
Where is the fundus at at 16 wks
Between symphysis and umbilicus
When does quickening start
For multigravida at 14-16 wks
Where is the fundus sitting at at 20 wks
At the umbilicus
Fundus at 24 wks
Rises above the umbilicus
Fundas at28 wks
Between umbilicus and xiphoid process
Fundus at 32 week s
Reaches the xiphoid process
Fundus at 36- 40 weeks
Below xiphoid process
Balloment
Uterus is palpable like a ball bounces back
Late positive sign of pregnancy
Fetal movement observed and palpated @28 wks with Leopoldo’s maneuver
An increase in estrogen and progesterone can cause what that is a presumptive sign of pregnancy
Melasma
Linea nigra
Dark vertical line on belly
Presumptive
Stria gravidarum
Stretch marks
Presumptive
Hair and nails growing
Presumptive
At 32 wks we should have a certain amount of what to determine complications
Hcg
What’s meds contribute to a false positive or negative pregnancy test
Anticonvulsant, diuretic , tranquilizers,
Preclampsia albumin test
More than 1 trace
Gestational diabetes glucose
1+ is normal but anything greater or equal to 2+ indicates gestationalvdiabetes
Preclampsia protein trace
<1+ mild preclampsia
2+ to 3+ severe preclampsia
<1+ mild preclampsia
High Bp associated with just a headache
2+ to 3+ severe preclampsia
High Bp, swelling, blurry vision or spots
UTI
Increase risk for preterm labor
Fever chills Dysuria
Frequency
Urgency
Prom/srom/preterm labor
Ruptured membrane
Fluid or bleeding from the vag
Abdominal pain cramping Or backache
Placenta previa abruption
Vag bleeding
Transvaginal ultra sound
Useful in obese pt
Does not require full bladder
Transabdomina ultra sound for first 20 weeks
Requires full bladder to help support uterus for imaging
Allow pt to empty bladder when complete
Pillows under neck and knees for uterus placement
Lecithin-to-spvinomyelin
Lamellar bodies
First 1 ratio is 2:1 or greater and both of these are lipids that determine fetal lung maturity
3rd trimester trans abdominal ultrasound
Pt is supine w hip wedge
3rd trimester trans abdominal ultrasound
Pt is supine w hip wedge
