ANS general Flashcards
What does the autonomic nervous system control?
cardiac muscle and smooth muscle
What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic ‘fight or flight’ and Parasympathetic ‘rest and digest’
What neurotransmitters are released by adrenergic nerves?
Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, Dopamine
These neurotransmitters bind to adrenergic receptor sites.
What neurotransmitter is associated with cholinergic nerves?
Acetylcholine
What are alpha 1 and 2 receptors responsible for?
Alpha 1- Vasoconstriction, increasing blood pressure
Alpha 2- Vasodilate, decreaseing blood pressure
What is the primary function of Beta 1 receptors?
Increase heart rate and BP, force of cardiac contractions
What do Beta 2 receptors do?
Relax bronchial smooth muscle and walls of blood vessels, bronchodilation
What is the difference between agonist and antagonist drugs?
Agonists produce similar effects
Antagonists block or produce opposite effects
sympathomimetic drugs is the same as?
adrenergic agonists
What action does atropine have as an anticholinergic?
Inhibits the action of acetylcholine, leading to decreased secretions and increased heart rate
MOA of prazosin (Minipress) alpha 1 antagonist?
Vasodilation and lowering blood pressure
What are the effects of adrenergic alpha 1 agonist drugs?
Constrict blood vessels and increase blood pressure
What are the adverse effects of metoprolol?
Bradycardia, heart failure, hypotension
SNS response on the body
-dilate the eyes
-inhibit secreations in the mouth
-constrict peripheral blood vessels
-bronchodilate
-Increase heart rate contractility
-decrease intestinal fluids
-releases glucose
-inhibit urination
-release epinephrine/norepinephrine
PNS response on the body
-constrict pupils
-stimulate saliva in mouth
-dilate peripheral blood vessels
-constrict bronchials and increase secreations
-increase digestion
-stores glucose
-contract bladder & stimulate urination
-inhibits release of epinephrine/norepinephrine
SNS activates what type of nerves
Adrenergic
PNS activates what type of nerve
Cholinergic
Beta 1 blocker drug
Metoprolol (Lopressor)
when shoud you withhold giving metoprolol?
Apical heart rate less than 60
Systolic BP less than 90
What should you monitor for when using metoprolol?
Pulse, BP, I & O, and blood sugar
An anticholinergic drug
Atropine (Atro-pen)
MOA of atropine
Inhibit the binding of aceytlcholine
Anticholinergic =
Adrenergic
side effects of atropine
Tachycardia, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, confusion
Monitor in patient taking atropine (Atropen)
Vitals, i & O, abdominal assessment
Alpha 2 Agonist drug
clonidine (Catapress)
MOA of clonidine
vasodilate and lower BP
Side effects of clonidine
bradycardia, hypotension, dry mouth, constipation, urine retention
Monitor in patients taking clonidine (Catapress)
Pulse, BP, i & O, peripheral edema, and weight
Alpha 1 antagonist drug
prazosin( minipress)
side effects of prazosine
orthostatic hypertension (BP drops when stands up), Angina (chest pain), dry mouth, constipation
Monitor in patients taking prazosin
Pulse, BP, i & O, edema, weight
