ANS CV drugs intro

Question 1

3 main fns of parasympathetic system

Answer 1

secretion, SM contraction, inhibit pacemaker cells/CM contraction

Question 2

3 main fns of sympathetic system

Answer 2

SM contraction, SM relaxation, excite pacemakers and CMs

Question 3

ACh effect on M2s

Answer 3

NEGATIVE chronotropic and in heart, hyperpolarizes pacemaker cells by opening K+ channels and slowing heart rate (flatten phase 4 slope)

Question 4

ACh effect on M3

Answer 4

secretion and smooth muscle contraction- pretty much everywhere but heart

Question 5

NE/EPI effect on a1 (and a2)

Answer 5

SM contraction- vasoconstriction and increased SVR

Question 6

NE/EPI effect on B1

Answer 6

positive chronotropy and inotropy- increase CO

Question 7

NE/EPI effect on B2

Answer 7

SM relaxation- vasodilation and lower SVR

Question 8

major role of a2

Answer 8

presynaptic effect- receptors on presynaptic knob bind NE and promote negative feedback against sympathetic innervation

Question 9

2 M2 antagonists and fn

Answer 9

atropine and glycopyrrolate- antagonize M2 and raise CO

Question 10

a1 agonists

Answer 10

midodrine, phenylephrine- vasoconstriction

Question 11

a1 antagonists

Answer 11

prazosin, tarazosin, doxazosin- vasodilation, lower BP

Question 12

a2 agonists

Answer 12

clonidine, guanfacine, methyldopa- negative feedback on NE release, less sympathetic stimulation and vasodilation

Question 13

dobutamine

Answer 13

functions as a selective B1 agonist, has alpha and B2 activity that cancel out (no vascular effects)- increase CO, positive chronotropy and inotropy

Question 14

Beta antagonists (beta blockers), B1 specific and not

Answer 14

B1: metoprolol, atenolol, acebutol- lower CO

*all the “olol” drugs are beta blockers- some affect B2 as well:
Nadolol, pindolol, propanolol

and B2 and a1: carvedilol and labetolol

Question 15

notable B2 agonist

Answer 15

albuterol- bronchodilation for asthma

Question 16

alpha 1 & 2 adrenergic antagonists

Answer 16

phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine, tolazoline- vasodilation and lower BP

Question 17

EPI receptors and effects

Answer 17

a1, a2, B1, B2- chronotropic/inotropic with vasodilation (B2) at low doses and vasoconstriction (alphas) at high doses

Question 18

NE receptors and effects

Answer 18

alphas, B1- chronotropic/inotropic, vasoconstriction

Question 19

major difference b/w NE and EPI

Answer 19

NE has no B2 activity to counteract alpha agonist fn, much greater impact on BP and SVR than EPI

Question 20

isopreterenol

Answer 20

selective Beta agonist- inotropic and chronotropic B1 affect on CO, B2 activity vasodilates and lowers SVR

Question 21

dopamine

Answer 21

precursor to NE, selective B1 agonist at low doses, a1 agonist as well at higher doses,

also increases renal perfusion at low doses

Question 22

organs w/ a1 receptors

Answer 22

eye, vasculature, bladder

Question 23

organs w/ B2 receptors

Answer 23

salivary glands, lungs, stomach, bladder

Question 24

organs w/ B1

Answer 24

heart (also only w/ M2)