ANS

Question 1

what are the 2 divisions of the nervous system

Answer 1

central nervous system

peripheral nervous system

Question 2

what are the 2 divisions of the PNS

Answer 2

autonomic division and somatic division

Question 3

what is important about the somatic division

Answer 3

SKELETAL MUSCLES ONLY

Question 4

what are the 2 divisions of the autonomic divison

Answer 4

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 5

the ANS consists of:

Answer 5

1. autonomic sensory neurons
2. integrating centers
3. autonomic motor neurons
4. enteric division

Question 6

consists of fibers that innervate involuntary muscles

Answer 6

ANS

Question 7

what travels together in the ANS

Answer 7

the visceral afferent and efferent

Question 8

What are the afferent components

Answer 8

autonomic reflexes and pain fibers

Question 9

what are the efferent components

Answer 9

regulation of visceral function

always 2 motor neurons in series (myelinated-unmyelinated)

Question 10

how many motor neurons are in the SNS

Answer 10

1

Question 11

where does the motor neuron synapse in the ANS

Answer 11

outside the spinal cord at the autonomic ganglion

Question 12

what does the visceral efferent pathway of the PNS affect

Answer 12

smooth muscles (contract/relax)
cardiac muscles (increase or decrease rate/force of contraction)
glands (increase or decrease secretion)

Question 13

what is the difference btw ganglia and plexus

Answer 13

ganglia= bundle of neurons
plexus = bundle of ganglia

Question 14

what are examples of ganglias and plexuses

Answer 14

celiac plexus
sup mesenteric plexus
inf mesenteric plexus

Question 15

what other names are there for the divisions of the ANs

Answer 15

sympathetic = thoracolumbar
parasympathetic = craniosacral

Question 16

where are the neurons of the visceral efferent pathway

Answer 16

in lateral grey bodies and some in the anterior horn

Question 17

what is the path of the visceral efferent pathway

Answer 17

preganglionic neuron
synapse in the autonomic ganglion
postganglionic neuron
effector

Question 18

what are the 3 locations of the autonomic ganglia

Answer 18

sympathetic trunk
prevertebral (collateral) ganglion
terminal (intramural) ganglion

Question 19

what are the locations of ganglia that cause a sympathetic response

Answer 19

sympathetic trunk and prevertebral ganglion

Question 20

the sympathetic trunk

Answer 20

located closely on each side of the vertebral column parallel to it

Question 21

prevertebral ganglion

Answer 21

anterior to the large abdominal arteries and vertebral column
take their names from the celiac artery, superior&inferior mesenteric artery

Question 22

from wich division do the sympathetic trunk and prevertebral ganglia recieve their preganglionic fibers

Answer 22

thoracolumbar division of the ANS

Question 23

terminal ganglion

Answer 23

very close of in the visceral effectors

they recieve their preganglionic fibers from the craniosacral division of the ANS

Question 24

where are the cell bodies of the preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic divison

Answer 24

in the lateral grey horns of the s.c.

Question 25

where do the autonomic efferent fibers leave

Answer 25

ventral root of spinal nerve accompanying the somatic efferent fibers

Question 26

what are the spinal segments involved in the sympathetic divison

Answer 26

T1-T12, L1,L2

Question 27

what is the path in the sympathetic division | see slide 22

Answer 27

preganglionic fibers enter the sympathetic trunk by way of the white rami communicans from the ventral ramus of the spinal nerve they can synapse there of go up to synapse with the postganglionic neuron postganglionic fibers enter ventral rami of spinal nerve by way of the gray rami communicans effector

Question 28

do all presynaptic sympathetic fibers synapse in the sympathetic trunk

Answer 28

no, some go through it but synapse later in prevertebral ganglia

Question 29

what are presynaptic nerves found below the diaphragm called

Answer 29

splanchnic nerves

Question 30

with how many postsynaptic neurons can 1 presynaptic neuron synapse

Answer 30

as many as 20

Question 31

what does 20 synapses signify

Answer 31

sympathetic responses have a wide spread effect on the body

Question 32

what is the celiac plexus also called

Answer 32

solar plexus

Question 33

what is the celiac plexus comprised of

Answer 33

paired celiac ganglia, sup mesenteric ganglia and other small ganglia

Question 34

where is the solar plexus

Answer 34

in the ant aorta at the origin of the celiac artery

Question 35

where are the preganglionic cells bodies found in the parasympathetic division

Answer 35

lateral grea horns of s.c. but also in the nuclei of cranial nerves III,VII,IX,X

Question 36

do all presynaptic parasympathetic neurons synapse in the terminal ganglia

Answer 36

yes

Question 37

what are the functions of the sympathetic division

Answer 37

- preganglionic fibers release Ach - postganglionic release norepinephrine except sweat glands (Ach) increase activities of the organs adrenergic fibers fight or flight

Question 38

what happens in a fight or flight situation

Answer 38

increase HR, adrenaline prod increase BF to skeletal and cardiac m vasoconstriction of non essential organs

Question 39

what are the functions of the parasympathetic division

Answer 39

pre and post ganglionic fibers release Ach decrease activity cholinergic fibers maintains homeostasis