Ankle Comp

Question 1

Reiter’s syndrome?

Answer 1

Bony erosion at the insertion of the achilles tendon on the posterior superior margin of the calcaneus
-similar to rheumatoid arthritis, but common in heels, toes, and SI joints, assymetric

Question 2

What does the sustentaculum tali do?

Answer 2

Support for the talus

Question 3

Which tarsals articulate with which metatarsals?

Answer 3

• Medial: 1 and 2
• Intermediate: 2
• Lateral: 2, 3, and 4
• Cuboid: 4 and 5

Question 4

What is a common site for bone spurs? Why?

Answer 4

Calcaneal tuberosity because the achilles tendon attaches here and pulls on it

Question 5

What is a Marcher’s fracture?

Answer 5

Fracture of the distal 1/3rd of a metatarsal, due to recurrent stress

Question 6

Name the tarsal bones

Answer 6

• 1st, 2nd, 3rd (medial, intermediate, lateral) cuneiforms
• Navicular
• Cuboid
• Talus
• Calcaneus

Question 7

What forms the roof of the mortise joint?

Answer 7

Tibial plafond

Question 8

What attaches to the calcaneal tuberosity?

Answer 8

Achilles tendon

Question 9

What type of movements does the ankle have?

Answer 9

Flexion and extension only

Question 10

What is the largest and strongest bone of the foot?

Answer 10

Calcaneus

Question 11

What is a Jone’s fracture?

Answer 11

Fracture of the tuberosity of the base of the 5th metatarsal

Question 12

What is a tri-malleolar fracture?

Answer 12

Fracture of the lateral malleolus, medial malleolus, and distal posterior tibia

Question 13

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 13

Decreased bone density

Question 14

Technique for ankle?

Answer 14

63kV @ 3.2 mAs

Question 15

Certain types of fractures in children and youth include the _______?

Answer 15

The distal tibial epiphysis and tibial plafond

Question 16

What forms the ankle (mortise) joint?

Answer 16

Tibia and fibula (medial/lateral malleoli)

Question 17

Why is the mortise joint not fully open on an AP projection?

Answer 17

Distal fibula is 1/2” more posterior than distal tibia, 15-20 deg from MCP

Question 18

What is found opposite the sustentaculum tali?

Answer 18

Peroneal trochlea (trochlear process)

Question 19

What is osteoarthritis?

Answer 19

Loss of joint cartilage, affects predominantly the weightbearing joints
-narrowing of joint space, thinning of articular cartilage, developments of osteophytes (spurs), irregular

Question 20

What type of joint is the ankle joint?

Answer 20

A synovial joint of the sellar type

Question 21

What pass through the calcaneal sulcus and sinus tarsi?

Answer 21

Ligaments

Question 22

What can increase the ankle joint space?

Answer 22

“Sprained ankle” stretched or torn collateral ligaments or torn muscle tendons

Question 23

What is a Salter-harris fracture?

Answer 23

Fracture between the epiphysis and metaphysis

Question 24

What can be performed to evaluate the stability of the joint space?

Answer 24

AP stress views

Question 25

Where is the transverse arch located?

Answer 25

Plantar surface of foot, distal tarsals

Question 26

What is found on either side of the calcaneal tuberosity?

Answer 26

Medial and lateral process

Question 27

What fits into the mortise joint?

Answer 27

Talus

Question 28

What is a Pott’s fracture?

Answer 28

Fracture of the malleoli

Question 29

All joints of the lower limb (1 exception) are classified as?

Answer 29

Synovial joints, diarthrodial (freely moveable)

Question 30

What type of joint is the distal tibiofibular joint?

Answer 30

Fibrous, amphiarthrodial (slightly moveable), syndesmosis type

Question 31

What type of synovial joints are IP joints?

Answer 31

• Ginglymus/hinge

- flexion and extension

Question 32

What type of synovial joints are TMT joints?

Answer 32

• Plane/gliding

- limited gliding movement

Question 33

What type of synovial joints are IT joints?

Answer 33

• plane/gliding

- inversion/eversion (gliding and rotation)

Question 34

What type of synovial joint is the ankle joint?

Answer 34

• sellar/saddle
• dorsiflexion and plantarflexion only
• side to side only occurs with stretched or torn ligaments