Animal Models Flashcards
What is self administration in an animal model
the animal presses a lever/nose poke to receive an intravenous injection of a drug; paired with a light or cue
What is an Operandum
the response apparatus
what is a reinforcement schedule
prescribed contingency between instrumental responding and reinforcements
what is a schedule demand
number of response(s) required to receive reinforcing stimulus
what is schedule completion
performance of the set of responses required for delivery of reinforcer
what is a fixed ratio
constant number of times the animal must complete the behavior to receive the drug on successive trials
what is a progressive ratio
the number of times the animal must complete the behavior increases with each drug administration
what is the breaking point
the maximum amount of work the animal is willing to do to get the drug
what is extinction
instrumental responses are no longer reinforced or the CS-US relationship is eliminated
what “yoked” administration
drug given passively at the same time increments as animals who are self administering the drug; unpredictable for the animal
what is pavlovian classical conditioning
pairing cue light with cocaine infusion
what is the unconditioned stimulus of pavlovian conditions in terms of drug research
the drug
what is the conditioned stimulus of pavlovian conditioning in terms of drug research
cue light
what is operant conditioning (instrumental conditioning)
an association between actions and the consequence of those actions
What is necessary for models of addiction and why
volitional drug exposure; involves different neurochemical responses and adaptions than passive drug exposure
why is passive drug expose useful for addiction models
studying effects of prenatal and early adolescent drug use on propensity for drug seeking/ taking in adulthood; facilitate acquisition of self administration by prompting development of tolerance to adverse effects
What are the pros of pavlovian models
demonstrate rewarding/adverse effects
high predictive validity for detecting drugs with abuse potential
time efficient and convenient for assessing hedonic effects and drug withdrawal