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Biology > Animal Kingdoms > Flashcards

Animal Kingdoms Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What are the two main characteristics that distinguish among the members of the six kingdoms?

A
  1. Difference in cellular structures

2. Methods of obtaining energy

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1
Q

What are the six kingdoms of organisms?

A
  1. Archaebacteria
  2. Eubacteria
  3. Protists
  4. Fungi
  5. Plants
  6. Animals
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2
Q

Prokaryotes

A

Organisms with cells that lack distinct nuclei bonded by a membrane

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3
Q

What are the two kingdoms of prokaryotic?

A

Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

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4
Q

Archaebacteria

A

Live mostly in extreme environments, swamps, deep oceans hydrothermal vents, and seawater evaporating ponds

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5
Q

Eubacteria

A

Live in most habitats except the extreme ones

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6
Q

Protists

A

A eukaryote that lacks complex organ systems and lives in moist environments, plant like and animal like

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7
Q

Fungi

A

Heterotrophs that do not move from place to place

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8
Q

Fungus

A

A unicellular or multicellular eukaryote that absorbs nutrients from organic materials in the environment

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9
Q

Plants

A

Multicellular oxygen producers, photosynthetic eukaryotes

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10
Q

What is the oldest plant?

A

400 million years old

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11
Q

How many known species are there of plants?

A

250,000

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12
Q

Animals

A

Multicellular heterotrophs, that do not have cell walls

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13
Q

How are animals cells organized?

A
  1. Cells
  2. Tissues
  3. Organs
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14
Q

Taxonomy

A

The science of classifying living things

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15
Q

Systematics

A

Organisms are named and grouped according to their evolutionary relationships

16
Q

Who was Carolus Linnaeus?

A

A taxonomists who paved the way for a common scientific language of naming species with binomial nomenclature.

17
Q

Binomial nomenclature

A

Each species is assigned a two part scientific genus, and species

18
Q

Genus

A

A group of closely related species

19
Q

Species

A

A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring

20
Q

What is the species name a description of?

A

The organisms habitat, or important trait

21
Q

What are the rules to follow when writing the scientific name of an organism?

A
  1. Scientific name (italics) (cursive)
  2. The generic genus must have a capital letter
  3. The abbreviation sp is used when the specific name is unknown
  4. The scientific name MUST be written in full when it is first used
22
Q

Taxon

A

A group or level of organization

23
Q

How many taxons are there?

A

7

24
Q

Family

A

A group of closely related genera, sharing many characteristics

25
Q

Order

A

Taxon composed of similar families

26
Q

Class

A

Taxon composed of similar orders

27
Q

Phylum

A

Taxon composed of closely related classes

28
Q

Kingdom

A

Largest taxonomic group consisting of closely related phyla

29
Q

What are the seven different taxons?

A
  1. Kingdom
  2. Genus
  3. Family
  4. Order
  5. Class
  6. Phylum
  7. Species
30
Q

Dichotomous key

A

An identification guide to help all people identify organisms according to their scientific names

31
Q

Evolutionary classification

A

Grouping organisms in taxons based on their evolution history

32
Q

Cladogram

A

Diagram that shows evolutionary relationships among group of organisms.

33
Q

What does the Cladogram tell the scientists?

A

That the closer two groups share a more recent ancestor than groups farther away

34
Q

Derived character

A

A trait that makes all of the organisms after that point on the Cladogram different from the organisms below that point on the Cladogram

35
Q

Domains

A

A larger more inclusive category than kingdom

36
Q

Domain bacteria

A

Composed of Eubacteria

37
Q

Domain Archaea

A

Archaebacteria

38
Q

Domain Eukarya

A

Protista, fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Biology (9 decks)

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