ANIMAL KINGDOM 1

Question 1

what are the different types of body plan

Answer 1

Cell-Aggregate Type :- e.g. Sponges
(B) Blind Sac Type :- Animals in which digestive system is incomplete i.e. it has only single
opening to the outside of the body that serves as both mouth and anus.
e.g. Coelenterates to Platyhelminthes
(C) Tube-Within-Tube Type :- Found in those animals having complete digestive tract i.e.
with separate openings : mouth and anus.
e.g. Nemathelminthes to Chordates

Question 2

which animals have open circulatory system

Answer 2

A - Arthropods
N - Non cephalopod molluscs
T - Tunicata
H - Hemichordata
E - Echinoderms

Question 3

what are 2 types of coelomates

Answer 3

Schizocoelom originates from the
mesodermal split. Example- Annelida ,
Arthropoda & Mollusca

*Enterocoelom originates from out
pocketing of the embryonic gut
(endoderm). Example- Echinodermata,
Hemichordate & Chordata

Question 4

what are the two types based on blastopore?

Answer 4

On the basis of fate of blastopore, animals can be divided into two
categories :
1.Protostomiates : Animals in which mouth is formed first (Blastopore →Mouth). E.g. Platyhelminthes to Mollusca.

2.Deuterostomiates : Animals in which anus is formed earlier than mouth
(Blastopore → Anus). E.g. Echinoderms, Hemichordates and
Chordates.

Question 5

two types of segmentation

Answer 5

Pseudometamerism
*Segmentation of the body takes place by the segmentation of the ectoderm.
*E.g. Tapeworm

Metamerism
*It is phenomenon in which the body is externally and internally divided into
segments with a serial repetition of at least some organs.
Eg: Annelids, arthropods, few chordatae

Question 6

division of animals

Answer 6

animals
* Parazoa- primitive animals/ cellular level of org
- Sponge

*Eumetazoa - true animals/ tissue,orggan,organ system level of org

Question 7

explain the structure of porifera

Answer 7

Body wall consists of
(i) Outer Pinacoderm
Composed of Pinacocytes (Flat cell) and porocytes ( oval cells

(ii)Inner Choanoderm
Composed of Collar cell or Choanocytes (Flagellated) (Characteristic of Porifera)

(iii) Between these two layers a gelatinous material Mesenchyme is present. It
contains different types of Amoebocytes.
- scleroblast - secrete spicules made of calcium or silica
- spongioblast - secrete spongin fibres

ethier scleroblast or spongioblast is present to provde stability

Question 8

explain the following in porifera:
(i) digestion
(ii) respiration
(ii) circulation
(iv) excretion

Answer 8

(i) digestion is holozoic/intracellular
(ii) Gneral body surface
(ii) GBS
(iv) GBS/ through ammonia or ammonotelic

Question 9

what are types of repro in porifera

Answer 9

(i) Asexual - Sponges reproduces asexually by - Fragmentation & Budding
(a) Exogenous budding – Formed during favourable condition.
(b) Endogenous budding – Gemmules are formed during adverse condition.

(ii) sexual- by formation of gametes

Question 10

new examples of porifera

Answer 10

Euplectella - Venus flower basket, Bridal gift in japan
Leucosolenia - Smallest sponge

Question 11

what are cnidoblasts?

Answer 11

cnidoblast stores the posionous fluid in a capsule called as nematocyst oresnet inside the cell. the project the thread like structure into the prey and inject the positonous liquid.

Question 12

different polyp and medusa

Answer 12

polyp
 Cylindrical in shape like Hydra, Adamsia etc.
 Mostly sessile, but some times motile
 May be solitary or colonial
 Mouth & tentacles are directed upward
 Asexual form

medusa
 Umbrella shaped like Aurelia or jelly fish
 Free swimming
 Always solitary
 Mouth & tentacles directed downward
 Sexual form
- have balancing organ or statocysts

Question 13

explain the following in coelenterata :
(i) digestion
(ii) respiration
(ii) circulation
(iv) excretion
(v) nervous system
(vi) sensory neurons

Answer 13

(i) extracellular followed by intraceullar/Incomplete digestion tract (Blind sac).
(ii) GBS
(iii) GBS
(iv) GBS- ammonotelic
(v) has apolar neurons
(vi) statocysts present in medusae

Question 14

what is reproduction in coelenterata

Answer 14

reproduction may be sexual or asexual through budding

Question 15

describe ctenophora

Answer 15

Body form may be spherical,
cylindrical or pear-shaped.

-. In sunlight their
comb-plate gives the effect of a rainbow. The
animals of this phylum are known as “Sea-
gooseberries”

A pair of long solid tentacles are present. In place of cnidoblasts
on the tentacles a special type of cells are present called Lasso-cells (Colloblasts) which
help in catching the prey.

Question 16

explain the following in coelenterata :
(i) digestion
(ii) respiration
(ii) circulation
(iv) excretion
(v) nervous system
(vi) sensory orgns

Answer 16

(i) extracellular followed by intraceullar/Incomplete digestion tract (Blind sac)/ carnivorous
(ii) GBS
(iii) GBS
(iv) GBS- ammonotelic
(v) has apolar neurons
(vi) statocysts