Anesthetics Flashcards
fast onset of LA due to…
high lipid sol + low pKa
Rpoivacain + Epi
Epi has little effect on ropivacain
LA caution in pts…
HTN, PVD, CAD, Cerebebral vascular insuffiency, heart block
Amides caution in pts..
w/ SEVERE HEPTAIC Disease
Prilocaine adverse effect:
methemoglobinemia
voltage and frequency-dependent blockade
LA
Esters Metabolism
PABA, very short acting
Amides Metabolism
Hepatic, CYP450
SE: Hepatic necrosis, hypoxemia
Halothane
Ostwald
Solubility of agent in blood, LARGER = SLOWER
Most common inhalant
Isoflurane
MAC is correlated with…
lipid solubility
Risk: Malignant Hyperthermia
Desflurane
Slow onset and recovery
Halothane
Second gas effect
novel gas introduction causes inc uptake of other gas
dental procedures
NO
SE: Caution w/ Vit B12 deficient pts!
NO!
Irreversibly oxidizes cobalt in Vit B12 deficient pt
NO!
Used alone in short procedures
Thiopental
SE: no antagonist for overdose
Thiopental
“Balanced anesthesia”
Midolezam, for sedation/anxiety
Conscious sedation use BIG GUNS
Fentanyl, Sufentanil
Activates GABA-A receptor
Propofol
Most common parenteral anesthetic
Propofol
Widely used for induction, maintenance, sedation during regional or intensive care
propofol
No analgesia!!!
Etomidate
Uduction of pts at risk of hypotension
Etomidate
Low CV or respiratory depression
Etomidate
Blocks NMDA receptors (related to PCP)
Ketamine
