ANEMIAS Flashcards
what is the hemoglobin of men if he is anemic
<12 mg/dl
What is the Hemoglobin of women if she is anemic
<11mg/dL
Rbc mass is normal but plasma volume is increased
Relative (pseudo) anemia
RBC Mass is decreased but plasma volume is normal. This is indicative of a true decrease in RBC and hemoglobin
Absolute anemia
INCREASED ESR
NORMAL TO INCREASED FERRITIN
DECREASED SERUM IRON AND TIBC
ANEMIA OF CHRONIC DISEASE
High Ferritin and Serum Iron
Low TIBC
Sideroblastic Anemia
Low serum iron, ferritin, Hgb/Hct Reticulocyte count
High TIBC RDW
Smear shows ovalocyte/pencil forms
Iron deficiency anemia
Anemia that is caused by hookworm
Iron-deficiency anemia
Anemia that is caused by D latum tapeworm
Vitamin B12 deficiency
blocks in the protoporphyrin pathway resulting in defective hemoglobin synthesis and iron overload
Sideroblastic anemia
Excess iron accumulates in the mitochondrial region of the immature RBC in the bone marrow and encircles the nucleus
Ringed sideroblasts
inability to use available iron for hemoglobin production
ACD
Type of sideroblastic anemia that is irreversible cause of the blocks unknown
Primary
Type of sideroblastic anemia that is reversible cause include alcohol anti-TB drugs and chloramphenicol
Secondary
Normocytic/normochrlmic anemia with characteristic of basophilic stippling
Lead poisoning
inherited disorders characterized by a block in the protoporphyrin pathway of heme synthesis
Porphyrias
Defective in DNA SYNTHESIS causes abnormal nuclear maturation RNA synthesis is normal
Megaloblastic anemia
Multiple blocks in the protoporphyrin pathway that affect heme synthesis
Lead poisoning
Caused by deficiency of intrinsic factor antibodies to intrinsic factor or antibodies to parietal cell
Pernicious anemia
Megaloblastic anmeia with a blood picture and clinical symptoms similira to vit b12 except ther is no CNS involvement
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Folic acid deficiency
include alcoholism, liver disease and conditions that cause accelerated erythropoiesis
Non-megaloblastic macrocytic anemia
bone marrow failure that causes pancytopenia
decrease in hemoglobin/hematocrit and reticulocytes normocytic/normochromic anemia and no response to erythropoietin
Aplastic anemia
hypoproliferative anemia caused by replacement of bone marrow hematopoietic cells by malignant cells or fibrotic tissue
myelophthisic anemia
Autosomal recessive trait that has string association with malignancy development especially acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Genetic aplastic anemia
