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World History > Ancient Rome Test > Flashcards

Ancient Rome Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was Julius Caesar

A

A young rising military star, he held campaigns in gAul/Britannia unmatched he was a hero to the lower class

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2
Q

What was the 1st Triumvirate

A

It was the rule of 3, Crassus ( put down Spartacus’ revolt ), Pompey, Julius Caesar

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3
Q

Caesar crossed the ____ which violated the code of what

A

He crossed the Rubicon, violating the law of not bringing armies into Rome

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4
Q

A civil war breaks out between who and what happens

A

A war between Caesar and Pompey, Caesar gets Egypt and they win, Caesar has Caesarian with a Leo

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5
Q

Caesar proclaims himself as ___ so what happens

A

He proclaims himself Dictator for life, he’s killed by 60 senators led by Brutus on March 15, Ides of March

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6
Q

The 2nd Triumvirate appears with who

A

Octavian ( adopted son of Caesar ), Marc Antony, Lepidus

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7
Q

What happens to Marc

A

Marc falls in love with Cleopatra and an alliance begins, Octavian gets Senate to believe Marc is a traitor, Octavian wins battle of Actium

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8
Q

How does Marc Antony die

A

He falls on his sword

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9
Q

What does Octavian do

A

He ends the civil wars, and ends Roman Republic

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10
Q

Octavian becomes what

A

He changes his name to Caesar Augustus ( exalted one ) and becomes 1st emperor of Rome

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11
Q

What did Augustus say

A

“I found Rome a city of clay but left it a city of marble”

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12
Q

During the golden age of Rome how many people are in the city

A

1mil

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13
Q

What is the Pax Romana

A

It means Roman peace, it was started by Augustus and lasted 20 years, longest peace period in Western European history

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14
Q

Who are the Julian Emperors

A

4 emperors related to Julius

Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero( insane, killed own mom and 1st wife )

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15
Q

Who are the 5 good emperors

A 
Nerva
Trajan, empire reaches peak
Hadrian, built walls in Britannia
Antoninus Pius ( peaceful )
Marcus Aurelius ( killed by son )
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16
Q

Who was Marcus Aurelius’ son

A

Commodus ( the mad emperor ), Rome’s most decadent/evil emperor, empire declines under him

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17
Q

What happens during the next 73 years

A

Rome had 23 emperors, 20 of which were murdered

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18
Q

Pompeii was what

A

A resort for the rich, and buried in 30’ of ash and pumice

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19
Q

Christianity was what

A

Born out of Judaism

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20
Q

Apostle Paul did what

A

Spread messages to non Jews, Greeks and Romans

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21
Q

Roman Catholic Christians has what

A

Pope, father or head of church
Bishops, several churches
Priests, local level, one church

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22
Q

Tradition says Apostle Peter is what

A

The 1st bishop of Rome, the “rock” but Jesus is the “rock”

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23
Q

Their statement of beliefs was called what

A

Nicene Creed

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24
Q

The RCC split, what happened

A

The Great Schism, Roman Catholics went west and Greek Orthodox went East

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25
Q

Christians were persecuted, why

A

They would not worship the Romans gods/emperors, they were Rome’s scapegoats for their problems

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26
Q

Who blamed Christians for what

A

Hero blamed them for the Great Fire of Rome, it was the 1st persecution of Christians

27
Q

During Pax Romana what happened

A

Great buildings and structures were built

28
Q

What is Circus Maximus

A

An arena built to watch the “circuses”, Chariot races were held in the arena that held 250k, largest stadium in history, center called Spina

29
Q

The colosseum is what

A

An arena for the “blood sports”, gladiators fought, recreated mock battles and naval battles, animal contests, crucifixions, Christians “burned alive” built by Vespasian and his son Titus, opened it for 100 days straight

30
Q

The arenas provided what

A

Free entertainment for unemployed and masses during the over 130 holidays a year

31
Q

The Pantheon is what

A

The temple built to honor Roman pagan gods, built of concrete

32
Q

The first and oldest Roman road was what

A

The Appian way, from Rome to southern Italy, 350 miles

33
Q

Roman aqueducts were what

A

Built to carry water over long distances

34
Q

Roman public baths were what

A

Called thermae, modern day spa

35
Q

Roman Forum was what

A

Central square of city, like Agora

36
Q

The imperial crisis almost causes what

A

Empire to collapse

37
Q

Diocletian does what

A

Divides empire into 2 parts, it was too big for one person to rule

38
Q

A tetrarchy forms, what is it

A

The rule of 4, 2 senior emperors called Augustus’ and 2 junior emperors called Caesars

39
Q

The west becomes what

A

The Roman Empire

40
Q

The East becomes what

A

The Byzantine empire

41
Q

West is what now

A

Ruled by Maximian, city of Rome is now capital

42
Q

The East is now what

A

The city of Byzantium is renamed to Constantinople, ruled by Diocletian

43
Q

What was the great persecution

A

Last and most severe of Christian persecutions, over 3k martyred

44
Q

Who is Constantine

A

He comes to power, fights for the power at battle of milvian bridge, claims to halve vision before battle and gives credit to Jesus for winning

45
Q

What is the Chi Rho

A

Early Christian symbol for cross

46
Q

Constantine becomes what

A

The sole ruler of 2 empires

47
Q

What is the edict of Milan

A

It allows religious toleration/freedom of worship for all religions

48
Q

Constantine does what

A

He puts an end to the persecutions, Christianity becomes the dominant religion

49
Q

What happens on March 7th

A

The “venerable day of the sun” becomes required for all to observe, the day of rest

50
Q

What are pagan holidays

A

Easter, New Years, all saints day, Halloween, Christmas

51
Q

What happens when the empires reunite

A

Constantinople gets all the power

52
Q

What happens on Constantines death bed

A

He becomes Christian and Rome rapidly declines after his death

53
Q

Theodosius does what

A

Makes Christianity the state religion of Rome, paganism becomes outlawed, stops Greek olympics

54
Q

What’s the first reason the empire starts to fall

A

Christianity, popes took power from emperors

55
Q

What’s the second reason the empire starts to fall

A

Corrupt emperors, drained all the money and Rome goes bankrupt

56
Q

What’s the third reason the empire starts to fall

A

Germanic barbarian invasion, the Gothic wars, Celts, Goths, Visigoths, Vandals, Franks, and Huns attack the borders and war drains money

57
Q

What’s the fifth reason the empire starts to fall

A

Mercenary soldiers ( barbarians ), they were not loyal to Rome and it was expensive

58
Q

What is the fifth reason the empire starts to decline

A

There’s a decline of morals/values, Romans become evil

59
Q

Who is Aleric

A

A goth Barbarian king who sacks Rome, Rome pays him off to leave and gets the city back

60
Q

Rome is sacked again by who

A

It is sacked and destroyed b Odoacer

61
Q

Who was the last emperor in the west

A

Romulus Augustulus

62
Q

The end of the Roman Empire in the west does what

A

Throws it into the dark ages ( medieval period )

63
Q

What happens to the East empire

A

It lasts 1k more years, collapsed by Ottoman Turks and fell in the 15 century (1400)

World History (9 decks)

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