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World History > Ancient Rome Test > Flashcards

Ancient Rome Test Flashcards

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1
Q

The Romans came from who

A

The Latins, Estruscans, and Sabines

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2
Q

Where did the latins settle

A

On “seven hills” near the Tiber River called Latium

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3
Q

Estruscans were what

A

Indo-European and produced powerful kings

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4
Q

Romans overthrew who

A

Estruscans

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5
Q

What was Rome originally called

A

Hespersia, and it means “land of the evening sun”

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6
Q

What did Virgil right about who

A

The Aeneid, it was about Aeneas, he wanders before sett,isn’t in Italy

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7
Q

Who was Romulus and Remus

A

They were the son of Rhea and Mars, Rhea sent them down the Tiber River in a basket, they were nursed by a she-wolf, raised by a shepherd, and Romulus killed Remus and became the first king

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8
Q

What were the 3 forms of government

A

Monarchy to a republic to a empire

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9
Q

What were the 2 social classes

A

Plebeians and patricians, they all were considered citizens, they all could vote, buy land, and they all had rights

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10
Q

What were Patricians

A

Wealthy aristocratic nobles

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11
Q

What were Plebians

A

Everyone else

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12
Q

The Republic was what

A

The citizens chose their leaders based on laws

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13
Q

What were the governing bodies

A

The senate, the the consuls, the tribal assembly

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14
Q

What was the Senate

A

It was 300 male senators who represented the Patricians, who made all the laws and had the most power

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15
Q

What was the Consuls

A

The Consuls were co-rulers, chosen by the assembly, one was in charge of the military and one ruled at home

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16
Q

What was the Tribal Assembly

A

They were elected by and represented the plebians, called Tribunes, they had the power to choose the Consuls and to veto their actions

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17
Q

In time of war/emergency what did the dictators do

A

They took over and ruled

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18
Q

What is Roman Law

A

It’s written on 12 table, law code, applies to all equally, rule of the law, everyone is subject to the law, it was placed in the Forum for all to see

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19
Q

The Roman system of law became what

A

Standard for the USA and Western Europe

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20
Q

What is SPQR

A

The official emblem of Rome, it means the Roman Senate and People

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21
Q

The Romans had the same ____ as the Greeks but changed the names of ____

A

They had the same religion as Greek myth, but they changed they had different names for the gods

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22
Q

What did the romans copy from the Greeks

A

Art and philosophy

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23
Q

Who is Jupiter

A

The romans version of Zeus

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24
Q

Who is Mars

A

The god of war

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25
Q

Who is Roma

A

The patron god of Rome

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26
Q

What were the religious officials

A

The Pontifex Maximus and the Vestal Virgins

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27
Q

Who was the Pontifex Maximus

A

The high priest & Consul

28
Q

Who were the Vestal Virgins

A

Protectors of Rome, 6 priestesses of Vesta, keepers of the eternal flame, all under 14?

29
Q

What did Rome believe would happen if the Eternal Flame went out

A

Rome would fall

30
Q

What is the Paterfamilias

A

The dad was the head of the family, the family was close knit and was extended, they lived in Villas is they were Patricians

31
Q

Where did Plebians live

A

In crowded apartment complexes

32
Q

Rome was ____ by ____

A

Rome was burned and sacked by the Gauls

33
Q

What were the results of the Gauls invasion

A

Rome created the finest army in the ancient world and set out to conquer neighbors

34
Q

Rome conquered what

A

The Italian peninsula

35
Q

What were the romans goals

A

To civilize the world

36
Q

Rome’s military success came from what

A

Their army, one army was meant to protect the city, emperor and senate and one was meant to protect the empire and republic

37
Q

Who were the Praetorian Guards

A

They dressed in all black, they were the elite of the army that protected the city

38
Q

Who were the Legionaries

A

They wore red, they had shields, spears and short swords, they protected the empire

39
Q

During the republic what was tha army made of

A

Plebians volunteers

40
Q

During the empire the army was made of what

A

It was the “professional army” that was made of conquered lands men

41
Q

The Roman army was made up of what

A

Legions of around 5k men and Centurions who were Roman Officers

42
Q

Rome’s army was what

A

The largest and most feared army, they were brutal and killed entire population if you resisted when conquered

43
Q

Once conquered the territories had to do what

A

Pay taxes and supply soldiers, in return they were given partial citizenship

44
Q

Roman settlements were what

A

Colonia, they were built to defend Rome and later turned into cities and towns

45
Q

The Romans built roads for what purposes

A

To connect the Colonia to Rome and to move the army

46
Q

How many miles of roads did they build

A

Over 50k miles

47
Q

What’s the saying about the Roman roads

A

“All roads lead to Rome”

48
Q

Carthage was what

A

The jewel of the Mediterranean, Rome’s biggest enemy, wealthy trading empire, Carthage and Rome competed for trade routes along Med

49
Q

Punic Wars were what

A

( Phoenician ) Rome vs Carthage, Rome had land power, and Carthage had naval power

50
Q

The first war, what happened?

A

It lasted 20 yrs, Rome wins by capturing a Carthage ship and copying it, boarding bridges, they gain island of Sicily

51
Q

The second war, what happened

A

17 yrs, Hannibal attacks ( wants revenge for dad ), creates havoc for 15 yrs, uses elephants for Calvary, called “scourage of war”

52
Q

Soipio does what

A

Attacks Carthage with Rome in battle of Zama, Rome wins by blasting trumpets to confuse elephants, Rome gets Spain

53
Q

The third war, what happens?

A

Lasted 3 yrs, siege of Carthage, revenge

54
Q

What was the result of the wars

A

Rome conquers Mediterranean region, Mediterranean Sea becomes Mare Nostrum ( our sea )

55
Q

Rome’s conquest causes what kind of problems

A

Too much cheap grain ( tribute ), puts Roman farmers out of business, too many slaves ( 45% of pop. ), no one could get jobs, unemployment becomes huge issue

56
Q

The urban poor does what

A

Pours into Rome to get jobs, they are angry, unemployed, and hungry

57
Q

Rome does what to satisfy them?

A

Gives them free bread and circuses= food and “blood sports”, this was their “solution”

58
Q

The gap between the rich and poor does what

A

Gets wider and wider

59
Q

Who leads a big revolt

A

Spartacus, has army of over 90k slaves

60
Q

Revolt was crushed by who and what was their punishment

A

They were crushed by legions and crucified

61
Q

Most land owned by who

A

Patricians

62
Q

Small farmers continue to what

A

Go out of business

63
Q

Who was Tiberius and Gauis Gracchus

A

They were 2 brothers who helped the poor, they wanted a land reform where no one could own more than 500 acres and to divide the rest among the poor, they were murdered

64
Q

Civil wars what

A

Break out, Rome is thrown into mass chaos and military leaders come to power

65
Q

Who was Marius

A

The first general to create a personal army who was loyal to him, he got army from the Urban poor

66
Q

Who was Sulla

A

The first person who came to power using a personal army

World History (9 decks)

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