ANCIENT ROME Flashcards
1
Q
The ………….. of the Parthenon’s floor plan ………………. the height of its ……….
A
Diameter;
is equal to;
dome
2
Q
In theory the Parthenon could hold the perfect ………
A
Sphere
3
Q
The original Pantheon building being dedicated to the gods of then-known ……..
A
Planets
4
Q
Zawiera
A
Incorporate
5
Q
The portico incorporates elements from an earlier ………….. building
A
Temple
6
Q
Beton
A
Concrete
7
Q
Romans first use ……….
A
Concrete
8
Q
Romans concrete was a mixture of:
- ………….. …….
- ……….
+ add another material, often
…….. ………
A
VOLCANIC SOIL - gleba wulkaniczna;
LIME - wapno
BROKEN TILES - polamane płytki
9
Q
Umożliwia
A
Enabled
10
Q
Concrete enabled them to make large structures such as …….
A
Domes
11
Q
Wzmocnione
A
Reinforced
12
Q
Pantheon represents the …….. …….. of Roman design and structural engineering
A
High point
13
Q
Panteon shows the ………….. between Greek and Roman ways of …………
A
Differences;
Building
14
Q
PANTHEON
- it’s a …….. ……… ………
- in the ……… ……… … ……..
- brilliant use of ……….
- it’s not …………. - it’s a brutal comparison to …………..
A
- Giant domed temple;
- Beating heart of Rome;
- Concrete;
- Beautiful; Parthenon
15
Q
Roman architecture was ………….
A
Practical
16
Q
Podbić
A
Conquere
17
Q
The Romans conquered Greece and borrowed much from them, like: ………, ……….., ………. ……, ………. and ………… …………
A
Dresses;
Politics;
Architectural style;
Learning;
General culture
18
Q
Greeks had elegance and grace.
Romans were:
- ……………
-………. ………..
-………. ………..
A
-Practical
- hard working
- soldiering people
19
Q
Romans conquered whole of the known ……… World
Also their extensive parts by a ……… of superbly engineered ……….
A
Western;
Network;
Roads
20
Q
Sieć (np drog)
A
Network
21
Q
Bieżącą woda
A
Running water
22
Q
Akwedukty
A
Aqueducts
23
Q
Zapewnić
A
Provide
24
Q
Romans provided public ………, …….., ……. and ……….
A
Baths,
lavatories - toalety,
Sewers - kanalizacja
Transport
25
Romans built blocks of ......
Flats
26
BC - ........
AD - .......
Before Christ;
Anno Domini - roku Pańskiego
27
Pont du Gard in France is perhaps the ........... ............ example of Roman engineering
Finest surviving
28
Blocks of flats were made of
- .............
- .............
Later of
- .............
- timber
- mud bricks - błotne cegły
- concrete
29
Ogrzewanie podłogowe
Underfloor heating
30
Świetnie wykorzystywali
They made great use of
31
Wieki
Centuries
32
Roman building were unchallenged for many ......
Centuries
33
Zdrowy rozsądek
Common-sensical
34
Podejście do życia
Attitude towards life
35
Pantheons dome was the most .......... until Brunelleschi raised his over the body of Florence Cathedral
Ambitious
36
Powszechny użytek
Widespread use of
37
The Romans material enabled them to build .......
Domes
38
Budynki użyteczności publicznej
Civic buildings
39
Sklepienie
Vault
40
Colosseum is a huge ....... construction
Arched
41
Romans became the masters of .......... construction
Plastic
42
Malleable
Ciągliwy
43
Concrete is a ......... material
Malleable
44
Concrete enabled Romans to build ....... and on a ............ scale
Freely - swobodnie
Massive
45
Romans architecture wasn't like the Greeks or Mesopotamian, bc they were unrestricted by the need to use .............. ..... ......... .............. methods
post-and-lintel construction
46
Slupowo naprozowa konstrukcja
Post-and-lintel construction
47
Romans were free to build as they ........
Pleased
Mogli budowac jak im sie podobało
48
Romans adopted ..... and to an extent (w pewnym stopniu) ........ archi
Greek
Etruscan
49
Romans architecture influenced by the Greeks (pod wplywem Greków), was more .......... and ..........
Flamboyant - krzykliwa
Primitive
50
Romans add two orders:
- ...........
- ...........
-Tuscan
-Composite
51
Tuscan is a modified ........ from the Etruscans
Doric
52
Composite is a combination of ......... and ..........
Ionic
Corinthian
53
Kasetony
Coffers
54
Oculus
The eye/hole in the centre of the roof
55
Romans used colums as a ........ element in temples
Decorative
56
Pilasters
(Romans made them)
Flat or half colums that are part of the wall
57
Romans were best at making ......
Cities
58
Jednorodne
Homogenous
59
Niezbędne elementy
Essential elements
60
Vitruvius
Roman architect and engineer
61
The finest surviving Roman temple (aside from-oprocz- the Pantheon)
Is the ..... ........ at Nimes
Maison Caree
62
Ancient city - Herculaneum - was destroyed by the eruption of ......
Vesuvius
63
Herculaneum was laid out on a ....... system
Grid
Herculaneum był położony systemem siatkowym
64
System siatkowy
Grid system
65
Obywatele
Citizens
66
Zawalenie
Collapse
67
Ognioodporny
Fireproof
68
There was a law to built with ........ ...... floors and walls
Fireproof concrete
69
The greatest and most influential imperial place was .......... ......
Hadrians Villa
70
Malowniczy
Picturesque
71
Układ
Arragement
72
Wyrafinowany
Sophisticated
73
Hadrain's Villa
- kilometers of gardens
- picturesque arragementf of pavilons, libraries and baths
74
Renesans
Renaissance
75
In the spirit of
W duchu
76
Hadrian and Trajan his ....... were two of the greatest ......-......
- Predecessor - poprzednik
- emperor-architects
77
Cesarz
Emperor
78
Grób
Tomb
79
Żołnierz
Soldier
80
Trwałe
Enduring
81
One of most enduring Trajans monuments is the ......... that ........ his name in Rome
Column;
Bears
82
Ciągły fryz
Continuous frieze
83
Trajans Column
- 35 metre coulmn
- celebrated TRAJAN'S VICTORIES in the DACIAN WARS
- CONTINUOUS FRIEZE
- depicting episodes in the Dacian campaign
84
Trajan's lettering is the ....... of modern ..............
Basis
Typography
85
The Romans were great builders of ............... monuments
Victory
86
The Trajan's column is topped by a ......... .... .......
Statue of Trajan
87
Arxh of the Septimus Severus has a BASE built of ......
Marble
88
Baths of
-.......
-.......
-Caracalla
-Diocletian
89
Batks were finished with rich .......
Marbles
90
The baths of Caracalla were complete with
- .....
-.....
-.....
-..... .....
Stadium
Gymnasium
Library
Lecture halls
91
What place was bigger?
Baths of Caracalla
Or
Baths of Dioclethiam
Diocletian > Caracalla
92
Most popular meeting places in Ancient Rome
-.....
-........
-.......
-baths
-circuses
-stadiums
93
......... Romanum was equivalent of the Greek ......
Forum
Agora
94
........ - main covered public meeting place
Basilica
95
Basilica had many funcions like:
-.....
-......
-.....
- law court
- trading room
- meeting hall
96
The grandest Basilica was ......... ... ......
Basilica of Constantine
97
Nawa
Nave
98
Aisle
Korytarz / nawa boczna
99
Basilica od Constantine had two ..... and a ...... covered in ....... concrete ceilings
Aisles
Nave
Vaulted
100
Średniowieczna
Medieval
101
Basilica was the ....... of Renaissance cathedrals
Basis
102
Basilica of Constantine is a link between the archi of ancient Rome, ......... and the ..........
Byzantium
Romanesque
103
Constantine was the emperor who converted the Roman empire to ......
Christianity
104
Insula
Where the Plebs and middle class of Romans dwelled - mieszkali
105
Łuk triumfalny
Triumphal arch
106
Miniatura parkowa
Folly
107
Hołd / kult
Homage
108
Leviathan
?????
109
Ścieki
Sewer
110
Zajezdnia / stacja docelowa
Terminus
111
krój pisma
Typeface
112
typografia
Typography
113
sklepienie
Vault
114
voussoir
Kliniec pośredni
115
Abutment
Wspornik, podpora, przyczółek
116
Przejście
Clear span
117
Grzbiet łuku
Extrados
118
Impost
Impost
119
Wew. Łuk
Intrados
120
Zwornik
Keystone
121
Wzniesienie
Rise
122
Roman architecture - describing
- MASSIVE
- MONUMENTAL
- NONE DETAILS
123
What Romans borrowed from the Greeks?
- dress
- politics
- archi style
- culture
124
What kind of people Romans were
- TOUGHIES of the ancient world
- BRUTAL
- HARD-WORKING
125
Feats of engineering
-Concrete
-dome
126
Description of the Pantheon
- what the Parthenon was to ancient Greek
- IMPRESSIVE STRUCTURE
- BRILLIANT USE OF CONCRETE
127
Kaseton
Coffer
128
Coffer
Square on the ceiling
Decoration ornament panel
Interior of the dome
129
Przypora
Buttress
130
Buttress
Structure of stone to support the wall
131
Bęben
Drum
132
Drum
Cylindrical or polygon vertical wall supporting a dome
133
Pendentywy
Pendentive
134
Pendentive
Support a dome
135
Oculus
Round opening in the dome
136
Portico
Colonnade in front of the entrance
137
Pediment
Triangle which has the tympanum inside
138
Blind arch
An arch in the wall - people can't walk through it
139
Łuk
Arch
140
Nisza
Niche
141
Niche
Recess in the facade pushed to the back
142
Sklepienia kolebkowe
Barrel vaults
143
Sklepienie krzyżowe
Groin vaults
144
Filary
Piers
145
ganek
Porch
146
arkady
Arcades
147
PANTHEON
architect: ....
Hadrian
148
PANTHEON
date of completion
2 nd century BC
149
PANTHEON
function
Now: tourist atraction
Then: civic place
150
PANTHEON
style
Corinthian
151
PANTHEON
materials
- concrete
- gold
- marble
152
PANTHEON
elements of construction
- FAKE WINDOWS
- Columns
- Dome
- Oculus
153
PANTHEON
decorations
Sculptures of gods
154
PANTHEON
shape
Dome - perfect sphere
155
PANTHEON
color
Colourful
