ANCIENT GREECE Flashcards
1
Q
Pericles
A
During his political career
- he brought ATHENIAN DEMOCRACY to its peak
- he established ATHENS AS THE LEADING STATE in Greece
- took care of policy of CULTURAL RENEWAL (including the Parthenon)
2
Q
Świątynia
A
Temple
3
Q
Pathenon is devoted to…
A
Athena
(Partenon jest poświęcony Atenie)
4
Q
Athena is the goddess of…
A
Wisdom and guardian
(Atena jest boginią mądrości i wojny)
5
Q
MNIEJSZE świątynie
A
LESSER temples
6
Q
Parthenon marked the zenith of…
A
Ancient Greek architecture
(Partenon wyznaczył zenit archi staroż Grecji)
7
Q
Around Parthenon are gathered…
A
Lesser temples and public buildings
(Wokół Partenonu są zebrane mniejsze świątynie i budynki publiczne)
8
Q
Parthenon has no rivals at the begging of…
A
The twenty-first century
9
Q
Parthenon ADJECTIVES
A
- IMMENSE - ogromny
- TIMELESS - ponadczasowy
- PEERLESS - niezrównany
- PERFECT
- IMPRESSIVE
- BEAUTIFUL
10
Q
Ogromny
A
Immense
11
Q
Ponadczasowy
A
Timeless
12
Q
Niezrównany
A
Peerless
13
Q
The Parthenon is build of…
A
- MARBLE - marmur
- TIMBER (roof) - drewno
14
Q
Marmur
A
Marble
15
Q
Drewno
A
Timber
16
Q
Pathenon had a pretty good shape until ………………. attacked on Athens
A
Venetian
17
Q
The Turks had turned the Parthenon into a ….
A
Mosque
18
Q
Meczet
A
Mosque
19
Q
Parthenon had been converted also into a …
A
Christian church
20
Q
Pathenon was at some point was used as a …
A
Gunpowder store (which blew up)
Partenon był w pewnym czasie używany jako skład prochu, który wybuchł
21
Q
Uszkodzenie
A
Damage
22
Q
The Parthenon was commissioned by…
A
Pericles
(Partenon został zlecony przez Peryklesa)
23
Q
Phidias was the
A
Sculptor
(Fidiasz był rzeźbiarzem)
24
Q
Rzeźbiarz
A
Sculptor
25
Rzeźba
sculpture
26
After Greek victories over the Persians, Phidias was given the task of...
Co-ordinating the rebuilding of the temples
(Koordynowanie odbudowy świątyń)
27
Przeoczyć
Overlook
28
Tętniące życiem miasto
Teeming city
29
Agora
Market place
30
Who spent 11 years perfecting Doric temple?
Ictinus and Callicrates
31
>, =, <
EXTERIOR ... INTERIOR
Exterior > interior
Exterior of the building was much more important than the interior
32
Why the exterior of the building was much more important than the interior?
To encouraged the Greeks to spent much time outside meeting one another
33
Standardowa cegła
Conventional brick
34
Brak czegoś
Lack of sth
35
By zapewnić
To ensure that
36
Temple looked perfectly ........... and in perfect ................. to human eye
Straight
Proportion
37
Ictinus and Callicrates used the technique known as ........... - to slightly deform the columns and architraves
Entasis
38
Deformacja
Deformation
39
Architraw
Architrav
40
zniekształcenie
Disortion
41
Entazis
Entasis
42
Distortion causes the eye to see straight lines where otherwise they would appear to ........... or .......
Curve
Sag
43
W przeciwnym wypadku
Otherwise
44
Wydaje się
Appear to
45
zwisa
Sag
46
Murarz
Mason
47
Szczyt wzgórza
Hilltop
48
Parthenon is a supreme example of ............. temple design
Doric
(Partenon jest najwyższym przykładem projektu doryckiej świątyni)
49
Parthenon was built to house the cult ......... of .............. ..................
statue
Athena Parthenos
50
Pathenon was brightly coloured in .........., ............ and .............
reds
blues
golds
51
Greek temples were designed to inspire ...... ................ ...................
Great colourful ceremonies
52
Nijaki
Nondescript
53
Wąski
Narrow
54
wide
Szeroki
55
Malowniczy
Picturesque
56
Parthenon respresented Greek ......... and ..........
Society
Culture
57
The temple was at once a place of
............., ..............., ...... ... .. ..... ....... ..... and a .......... .........
-gathering - zgromadzenia
-warship - kult
-representation of a Greek fighting ship (the basis of Greek power)
-A domestic loom - krosno domowe?
58
The people were represented by the .......... that ran around the buildings
(As clustering around the presence of Athena)
Columns
(Clustering- zgrupowanie)
59
Athenas huge statue stood at the ........ of the Parthenon
heart
60
warsztat tkacki?
Loom
61
Entasis caused the columns of the temple to .......... ...... like a sail
Billow out
(Wypływają jak żagiel)
62
Dziedzictwo
Legacy
63
spokojny
Serene
64
Wolnostojący
Detached
65
Fasada
Facade
66
Wydłużony
Extended
67
Parthenon has ....... rather than ........ columns
Eight
Six
68
kolumnada
Colonnade
69
The colonnade encloses the ...... the interior structure which is divided into two ...........
Cella
Chambers - komnaty
70
Komnata
Chamber
71
Cella
Cella
72
The larger chamber of Parthenon housed the ......... of Athena
statue
73
statua
Statue
74
duży
Large
75
Pythagoras
- mathematician (advanced the development of matematics)
- he believed that NUMERICAL RATIOS ARE THE BASIS OF ORDER in the physical world
76
Doric order was probably first used in the design of .............
Heraion
(Św Hery - Herajon)
77
Budynki użyteczności publicznej
Civic buildings
78
Najeźdźcy
Invaders
79
Doric might be call as a house-style of the .......... .............
Dorian invaders
80
Rozkwit
Heyday
81
imperium greckie (helleńskie)
Hellenic empire
82
Ruiny
Ruins
83
Rekonstrukcja
Reconstruction
84
Pałac minojski w Knossos
Minoan Palace of King Minos at Knossos
85
The Palace at Knossos was on the island of ............
Crete
86
Classical orders
The types and styles of columns
and the forms of structure and decoration
That followed on from them
87
Classical orders:
..........., ............ and ..............
Which developed one after the other
- Doric
- Ionic
- Corinthian
88
Ionic order come principally from the .......... ............
Ionian Islands
(....Pochodzi głównie z....)
89
The three types of columns were developments of the .......... columns
Egyptian
90
Egyptian columns symbolized
....... .. .......... tied together
Bunches of reeds
91
Pączki trzciny
Bunches of reeds
92
Kapitel
Capital
93
The capitals of Greek columns were representations of ............ ............
Natural forms
94
Liście akantu
Acanthus leaves
95
Doric columns are ......... and .........
Serious
Masculine - męskie
96
Corinthian columns suggest
............... and ................
Delicacy
Femininity
97
Doric order
- EARLIEST
- most MASSIVE
- has NO BASE
- fluted shaft
- PLAIN CAPITAL (zwykły)
98
Kanelury = żłobkowania
Fluted shaft
99
Trzon kolumny
Shaft
100
Baza
Base
101
IONIC order
- lighter development of the Doric
- fluted shaft
- has a BASE
- VOLUTE CAPITAL
102
Woluta
Volute
103
Gzyms
Cornice
104
Tryglif i metopa
triglyph and metope
105
Fryz ciągły
Continuous frieze
106
CORINTHIAN order
- PLINTH - (plinta)
- fluted shaft
- ACANTHUS LEAVES 🍃
- the most DECORATIVE
- SMOOTH ARCHITRAVE
107
belkowanie
Entablature
108
Greek society:
People were able to .......... at themselves
Laugh
109
Temples were literally (dosłownie) the high point of Greek .......
Cities
110
Post-and-lintel construction
Post- słupek
Lintel- nadproże
konstrukcja słupków i nadproży
111
Łuk
Arch
112
Agora had the colonnades - STOA
behind which were
......, ........, ........., ......... ... .....
And also ...... ....., ......., ........, ........
- shops 🛍
- offices 🏢
- workshops - warsztaty
- places to eat 🍋
- assembly halls - sale zgromadzeń
- stadia - stadiony 🥈🥇🥉
- gymnasia 🏃♀️
- theaters 🎥
113
The model Greek citizen was meant to be healthy in ........ and ........
Mind
Body
114
konstrukcje użytkowe
Usable structures
115
Użyteczny
Usable
116
Wszechstronny
All-rounder
117
Buildings remain some of the most beautiful and usable ............. in the world
Structures
118
The theatre of Epidaurus was designed by .......
Polycleitos
119
Rzędy kamiennych siedzeń
Rows of stone seats
120
Scena
Stage
121
Zniknął
Vanished
122
The theatre of Epidaurus remains in use and its .............. are perfect
Acoustics
123
Występ
Performance
124
Wejście
Entrance
125
Rozmieszczenie
Arrangement
126
związany z
Associated with
127
Gymnasia was often .............. with a school
Associated
128
Wyposazone w bieżącą wodę
Equipped with running water
129
NAJLEPIEJ ZACHOWANE
BEST - PRESERVED
130
Best Greek temples are not to be found in Greece but along the ................. sea
Mediterranean
(śródziemnomorskie morze)
131
Gdzie indziej
Elsewhere
132
Temple of Neptune is dedicated to the goddess of ..........
Hera
133
REMAINS INTACT
Pozostaje nienaruszone
134
pomniki
Monuments
135
płaskorzeźba
Relief
136
Tympanon
Tympanum
