ANATOMY_part2_1

Question 1

is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms.

Answer 1

cell

Question 2

According to the _________________the biochemical activities of cells are dictated by the relative number of their specific subcellular structures.

Answer 2

principle of complementarity

Question 3

Continuity of life has a __________basis.

Answer 3

cellular

Question 4

what are the four elements that cells composed are?

Answer 4

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen

Question 5

Carry out all chemical activities needed to sustain life

Answer 5

Cells and Tissues

Question 6

are groups of cells that are similar in structure and function

Answer 6

Tissues

Question 7

What are the three main regions of cell?

Answer 7

Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Plasma membrane

Question 8

Control center of the cell
Contains genetic material (DNA)

Answer 8

Nucleus

Question 8

what are the Three regions of nucleus

Answer 8

Nuclear envelope (membrane)
Nucleolus
Chromatin

Question 9

Barrier of the nucleus
Consists of a double membrane
Contains nuclear pores that allow for exchange of material with the rest of the cell

Answer 9

Nuclear envelope (membrane)

Question 10

contains one or more nucleoli
Sites of ribosome assembly

Answer 10

Nucleus

Question 11

what macromolecular machines migrate into the cytoplasm through nuclear pores?

Answer 11

Ribosomes

Question 12

Composed of DNA and protein
Present when the cell is not dividing
Scattered throughout the nucleus
Condenses to form chromosomes when the cell divides

Answer 12

Chromatin

Question 13

Barrier for cell contents
Double phospholipid layer
Also contains proteins, cholesterol, and glycoproteins

Answer 13

Plasma Membrane

Question 14

Hydrophilic

Answer 14

head and wants water

Question 15

Hydrophobic

Answer 15

tail and opposite to philic

Question 16

Impermeable junctions
Bind cells together into leakproof sheets

Answer 16

Tight junctions

Question 17

Anchoring junctions that prevent cells from being pulled apart

Answer 17

Desmosomes

Question 18

Allow communication between cells

Answer 18

Gap junctions

Question 19

allow for exchange of material with the rest of the cell

Answer 19

nuclear pores

Question 20

The material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane
Site of most cellular activities

Answer 20

Cytoplasm

Question 21

what are the three major elements of cytoplasm?

Answer 21

Cytosol
Organelles
Inclusions

Question 22

Fluid that suspends other elements

Answer 22

Cytosol

Question 23

Chemical substances such as stored nutrients or cell products

Answer 23

Inclusions

Question 24

Metabolic machinery of the cell “Little organs” that perform functions for the cell

Answer 24

Organelles

Question 25

Studded with ribosomes Synthesizes proteins

Answer 25

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 25

“Powerhouses” of the cell Change shape continuously Carry out reactions where oxygen is used to break down food Provides ATP for cellular energy

Answer 25

Mitochondria

Question 26

Made of protein and RNA Sites of protein synthesis Found at two locations Free in the cytoplasm As part of the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 26

Ribosomes

Question 27

Fluid-filled tubules for carrying substances

Answer 27

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Question 28

Functions in lipid metabolism and detoxification of drugs and pesticides

Answer 28

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 29

Modifies and packages proteins Produces different types of packages

Answer 29

Golgi apparatus

Question 30

what are the different types of packages that Golgi apparatus produces?

Answer 30

Secretory vesicles Cell membrane components Lysosomes

Question 31

Contain enzymes produced by ribosomes Packaged by the Golgi apparatus Digest worn-out or nonusable materials within the cell

Answer 31

Lysosomes

Question 32

Membranous sacs of oxidase enzymes Detoxify harmful substances such as alcohol and formaldehyde Break down free radicals (highly reactive chemicals) Replicate by pinching in half

Answer 32

Peroxisomes

Question 33

form the blue network surrounding the pink nucleus. that called "Actin subunit"

Answer 33

Microfilaments (largest)

Question 33

Network of protein structures that extend throughout the cytoplasm Provides the cell with an internal framework

Answer 33

Cytoskeleton

Question 34

what are the Three different types of elements of cytoskeleton? in order from largest to smallest.

Answer 34

Microfilaments Intermediate filaments Microtubules

Question 35

form the purple batlike network. that called "Intermediate filaments"

Answer 35

Intermediate filaments

Question 36

appear as gold networks surrounding the cells’ pink nuclei. that called "Tubulin subunits"

Answer 36

Microtubules (smallest)

Question 37

the size of Actin subunit?

Answer 37

7 nm

Question 38

the size of Fibrous subunits?

Answer 38

10 nm

Question 39

the size of Tubulin subunits?

Answer 39

25 nm