ANATOMY_2 Flashcards
*Locomotion
*Movement of substances
Movement
Ability to sense changes and react
Responsiveness
Breakdown and absorption of nutrient
Digestion
chemical reactions within the body
*Break down complex molecules into smaller
ones
*Build larger molecules from smaller ones
*Produces energy
*Regulated by hormones
Metabolism
Eliminates waste from metabolic reactions
*Wastes may be removed in urine or feceS
Excretion
Occurs on cellular level or organismal level
*Produces future generation
Reproduction
Increases cell size and number of cells
Growth
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Metabolism
Digestion
Responsiveness
Movement
Movement
Necessary Life Functions
Chemicals for energy and cell building
*Includes carbohydrates, proteins, lipids,
vitamins, and minerals
Nutrients
Required for chemical reactions
Oxygen
*60 to 80 percent of body weight
*Most abundant chemical in the human body
*Provides for metabolic reaction
Water
Stable body temperature
37°C (98°F)
Atmospheric pressure
Must be appropriate for gas exchange
Water
Oxygen
Nutrients
Stable body temperature
Atmospheric pressure
Survival Needs
maintenance of a stable
internal environment
*A dynamic state of equilibrium
*Necessary for normal body functioning and
to sustain life
Homeostasis
A disturbance in homeostasis resulting in
disease
Homeostatic imbalance
Responds to changes in the environment
(stimuli)
Sends information to control center
receptor
Determines set point
*Analyzes information
*Determines appropriate response
Control center
Provides a means for response to the
stimulus
Effector
*Includes most homeostatic control
mechanisms
*Shuts off the original stimulus, or reduces its
intensity
*Works like a household thermostat
Negative feedback
Increases the original stimulus to push the
variable farther
*In the body this only occurs in blood clotting
and during the birth of a baby
Positive feedback
