Anatomy W6 - Blood Supply to the Brain

Question 1

What 2 lobes are separated by the central sulcus?

Answer 1

Frontal and parietal lobes

Question 2

Where is the primary motor cortex located?

Answer 2

In the precentral gyrus in front of the central sulcus.

Question 3

Where is the somatosensory cortex located?

Answer 3

In the post central gyrus behind the central sulcus

Question 4

In what lobe is the primary visual cortex located?

Answer 4

The occipital lobe

Question 5

Where is the Broca’s are located?
What is this?

Answer 5

The parietal lobe on the LEFT side ONLY

Motor speech area - controls the muscles of speech

Question 6

What fissure does the falx cerebri run through?

Answer 6

Longitudinal fissure

Question 7

What fissure does the tentorium cerebelli run through?

Answer 7

The transverse fissure

Question 8

Describe the axons in white matter.

Answer 8

myelinated

Question 9

Describe the axons in grey matter.

Answer 9

unmyelinated

Question 10

What 2 arteries unite to form the baslar artery?

Answer 10

The right and left vertebral artery

Question 11

At what region of the brainstem does the baslar artery divide into the left and right posterior cerebral arteries?

Answer 11

Upper pons near the midbrain

Question 12

What does the internal carotid artery branch into?

Answer 12

The anterior cerebral artery

Middle cerebral artery

Question 13

What is a symptom of an aneurysm of the ICA? why is this?

Answer 13

Visual defects

The ICA is located near the optic chiasm - therefore the aneurysm can apply pressure to the chiasm.

Question 14

What is the function of the anterior communicating artery?

Answer 14

It connects the 2 anterior cerebral arteries

Question 15

What fissure does the middle cerebral artery run into?

Answer 15

The lateral fissure

Question 16

What are lentiguide striate arteries?
Where are these located

Answer 16

They are little arteries that supply blood to the internal capsule

At the start of the middle cerebral artery

Question 17

What is a clinical problem with the lentiguide striate arteries?

Answer 17

Since they are very little they are easily blocked = stroke which affects the Internal capsule
(Paralysed lower face, tongue, upper and lower limb)

Question 18

What artery (Coming off of the ICA) is more likely to be affected by embolus?

Answer 18

the middle cerebral artery since it is more in line with the ICA

Question 19

What aretries does the posterior communicating artery join?

Answer 19

Either;
The ICA to the posterior cerebral artery

or

The middle cerebral artery to the posterior cerebral artery.

Question 20

What can aneurysms in the circle of willis cause?

Answer 20

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

Question 21

What would u suspect has occurred in a patient with a paralysed lower face, tongue and upper limb?

Answer 21

There has been a blockage of the middle cerebral artery further down (since the lentigue straite arteries have NOT been blocked causing an internal capsule stroke)

Lower limb not affected since the anterior cerebral artery supplies the lower limbs and they can move down through the internal capsule.

Question 22

What would u suspect has occurred in a patient with a paralysed lower face, tongue, upper limb and lower?

Answer 22

There has been a blockage of the lentiguide striae arteries = damage to the internal capsule.

Question 23

What kind of lesion would cause a patient to appear more confused?

Answer 23

A cortex lesion

Question 24

What is the corpus callosum?

Answer 24

Bundles of fibres that connect the left snd right hemispheres