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BDS3 Anatomy Student 3 > Anatomy W10 - The Pharynx/Larynx > Flashcards

Anatomy W10 - The Pharynx/Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

What muscle of the pharynx does the glossopharyngeal nerve give motor innervation to?

A

The stylopharyngeus muscle

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2
Q

Name the branches of the vagus nerve that innervate the pharynx and the larynx.

A

The pharyngeal branch

The superior laryngeal nerve which divides into the;
Internal laryngeal nerve
External laryngeal nerve

The recurrent laryngeal nerve

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3
Q

What does the internal laryngeal nerve (branch of the superior laryngeal nerve) innervate?

A

Sensory innervation to the larynx above the vocal chords/folds

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4
Q

What does the External laryngeal nerve (branch of the superior laryngeal nerve) innervate?

A

Motor innervation to the cricothyroid muscle
(the only muscle visible on the outer side of the larynx)

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5
Q

What are the 3 parts of the pharynx?

A

The nasopharynx
The oropharynx
The laryngopharynx

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6
Q

What mucosa lines the Nasopharynx?

A

Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells

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7
Q

What mucosa lines the Oropharynx?

A

stratified squamous non-keratinised

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8
Q

What mucosa lines the Laryngopharynx?

A

stratified squamous non-keratinised

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9
Q

What are the boundaries of the nasopharynx?

A

The posterior border of the nasal septum
The back edge of the soft palate

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10
Q

What features are present within the nasopharynx?

A

The opening to the auditory tube

The tubal elevation/the tubal tonsils surrounding the opening to the auditory tube.

The pharyngeal recess/fossa of Rosenmuller

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11
Q

What is the function of the (opening of the) auditory tube in the nasopharynx?

A

Allows air to pass into the middle ear - connects the nasopharynx and the middle ear

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12
Q

What is the Fossa of Rosenmuller/pharyngeal recess?

A

A deep pocket of mucosa in the nasopharynx

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13
Q

What is the difficulties associated with a malignancy within the pharyngeal recess?

A

Since this is an occult tumour (hidden) It is difficult to diagnose, locate and get vision to a malignancy since it is within a deep pocket

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14
Q

Why must surgeons be cautious when taking a biopsy of the pharyngeal recess?

A

Because the internal carotid artery runs lateral to the back wall of the pharynx

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15
Q

What are the boundaries of the oropharynx?

A

The palatoglossal folds
The tip of the epiglottis

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16
Q

What is the isthmus of the fauces?

A

The lumen between the arch formed by the 2 palatoglossal folds in the oropharynx

17
Q

What is the function of the palatopharygeal muscle?

A

It brings the soft palate and the back wall of the oropharynx together during swallowing.

18
Q

Where is the tonsillar fossa containing the palatine tonsils located?

A

Between the palatoglossal fold and the palatopharyngeal fold in the oropharynx.

19
Q

What is the vallecula?

A

The deep recess between the tongue and the epiglottis in the oropharynx

20
Q

What tonsils are present within the oropharynx?

A

The palatine tonsils - between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds in the oropharynx

The lingual tonsils - on the posterior tongue in the oropharynx

21
Q

What are the boundaries of the laryngopharynx?

A

The tip of the epiglottis
The inferior border of the cricoid cartilage

22
Q

What tonsils are present in the nasopharynx?

A

The tubal tonsils - on the tubal elevation of the opening to the auditory tube in the nasopharynx

The pharyngeal tonsils - on the roof of the nasopharynx

23
Q

What feature(s) are present within the laryngopharynx?

A

The pyriform fossa

24
Q

What is the pyriform fossa? What is it’s clinical relevance?

A

A pear shaped recess in the lateral aspect of the laryngopharynx.

The epiglottis pushes the food down the sides of the laryngopharynx and the food passes over this fossa - food objects can get stuck in this fossa and can cause choking.

25
Q

As well as the pyriform fossa, where else can food objects get stuck within the pharynx?

A

The valleculla in the oropharynx

26
Q

What is the function of tonsillar/lymphoid tissue?

A

It protects the airways from microorganisms i.e. lungs

27
Q

What is the uninterrupted ring of tonsillar tissue called?
Describe the ring of tonsillar tissue?

A

Waldeyer’s ring

The pharyngeal tonsils - on the roof of the nasopharynx

The tubal tonsils - on the tubal elevation of the opening to the auditory tube in the nasopharynx

The palatine tonsils - between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds in the oropharynx

The lingual tonsils - on the posterior tongue in the oropharynx

28
Q

What is the blood supply to the
tonsils?

A

The tonsillar branch of the facial artery

(the inferior tonsillar branch of the facial artery

the superior tonsillar branch of the greater palatine branch of the maxillary artery from the external carotid.)

29
Q

What pharyngeal arch(s) do the muscles of the larynx and pharynx arise from?
What nerve innervates these structures?

A

4th and 6th

Vagus

BDS3 Anatomy Student 3 (26 decks)

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