anatomy quiz #6

Question 1

axial skeleton

Answer 1

the bones that form the longitudinal axis of the body of bones

Question 2

appendicular skeleton

Answer 2

the bones of the limbs and girdles that attach them to the axial skeleton

Question 3

compact bone

Answer 3

is dense and looks smooth and homogenous

Question 4

spongy bone

Answer 4

has a spiny open appearance like a sponge

Question 5

long bones

Answer 5

they have a shaft with enlarged cells bones are mostly compact bones but spongy at ends

Question 6

flat bones

Answer 6

thin flattened and usually curved they have two thin layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone between them

Question 7

short bones

Answer 7

generally cubed shaped and contain mostly spongy bone with an outer layer of compact bone

Question 8

diaphysis

Answer 8

elongated shaft of a long bone

Question 8

irregular bones

Answer 8

make up the spinal column mainly spongy bone with an outer layer of compact bone

Question 9

periosteum

Answer 9

fibrous connective tissue membrane

Question 10

sharpeys fibers

Answer 10

secure the periosteum to the underlying bone

Question 11

epiphysis

Answer 11

ends of long bones each epiphysis contain a thin layer of compact bone enclosing an area filled with spongy bone

Question 12

articular cartilage

Answer 12

hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis of a bone at a joint

Question 13

epiphyseal line

Answer 13

calcified line in the epiphysis of a long bone that contained hyaline cartilage during the period of a long bone growth

Question 14

epiphyseal plate

Answer 14

plate of hyaline cartilage in the epiphysis of a long bone that allows for growth in length

Question 15

medullary cavity

Answer 15

central cavity in the diaphysis of a long bone containing marrow.

Question 16

red marrow

Answer 16

bone marrow that is the site of blood cell production; see hematopoiesis.

Question 17

yellow marrow

Answer 17

bone marrow that stores adipose (fat) tissue.

Question 18

bone markings

Answer 18

surface features of bones where muscles, tendons and ligaments attach and where blood vessels and nerves pass

Question 19

osteocytes

Answer 19

mature bone cell

Question 20

lacunae

Answer 20

little depression or space in bone or cartilage, lacunae are occupied by cells

Question 21

lamella

Answer 21

concentric rings of bone matrix with lacuna between them

Question 22

haversian canals

Answer 22

each complex consisting of a central canal and matrix rings is called an osteon

Question 23

canaliculi

Answer 23

extremely small tubular passage or channel

Question 24

Volkmann’s canals

Answer 24

run in the compact bone at right angles to the shaft

Question 25

ossification

Answer 25

process of bone formation

Question 26

osteoblasts

Answer 26

bone forming cells

Question 27

osteoclats

Answer 27

large c ells that resorb or break done bone matrix

Question 28

rickets disease

Answer 28

disease in which the bones of children fail to calcify properly leading to bowing of leg bones

Question 29

fracture

Answer 29

bone breaks clearly but does not penetrate the skin