anatomy #3

Question 1

nucleus

Answer 1

control center of the cell

Question 2

chromatin

Answer 2

scattered throughout the nucleus, when a cell is diving to form two daughter cells the chromatin threads coil and condense to form dense rod-like bodies called chromosomes

Question 3

plasma membrane

Answer 3

fragile transparent barrier that contains the cell contents and separates them from the surrounding environment

Question 4

hydrophilic

Answer 4

water loving

Question 5

hydrophobic

Answer 5

fearing water

Question 6

cytoplasm

Answer 6

the cellular material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane site of most cellular activities

Question 7

organelles

Answer 7

specialized cellular compartments that are metabolic machinery of the cell

Question 8

mitochondria

Answer 8

powerhouse of the cell and creates ATP

Question 9

ribosomes

Answer 9

proteins that are made of rna that are actual sites for protein synthesis

Question 10

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 10

system of fluid filled tunnels that coils through the cytoplasm and carries substances

Question 11

golgi apparatus

Answer 11

appears as a stack of flattened membranous generally found close to the Er and it modifies and packages and ship proteins

Question 12

lysosomes

Answer 12

membranous bags that contain powerful digestive enzymes they breakdown the worn out non-usable cell structures

Question 13

peroxisomes

Answer 13

membrane sacs that contain powerful oxidase that detoxifies alcohol and formaldehyde

Question 14

cytoskeleton

Answer 14

acts as a cells bones/ muscles by furnishing an internal framework that determines cell shape

Question 15

cilia

Answer 15

whip-like cellular extentions that move substances that move substances along the cell surface

Question 16

flagella

Answer 16

if the projections formed by the centrioles are substantially longer they are called flagella

Question 17

microvilli

Answer 17

tiny finger like extenstions of the plasma mem. that project from and exposed cell

Question 18

selective permeability

Answer 18

means that a barrier allows some substances to pass through it while excluding others

Question 19

diffusion

Answer 19

process in which molecules move away from areas that are more concentrated than where others are less concentrated

Question 20

sodium pottassium pump

Answer 20

alternately carries sodium ion out of pottassium ions into the cell

Question 21

exocytosis

Answer 21

is the mechanism that cells use to actively secrete hormones mucus and other substances or to eject certain cellular wastes

Question 22

endocytosis

Answer 22

process in which substances are brought into the cell

Question 23

phagocytosis

Answer 23

cell eating process

Question 24

fibroblasts

Answer 24

common cell represented in connective tissue

Question 25

erythrocyte

Answer 25

blood cell that is made in the bone marrow ( red blood cell)

Question 26

epithelial cell

Answer 26

cells that line your internal organs

Question 27

fat cells

Answer 27

fat cells, are the cells that primarily compose adipose tissue, specialized in storing energy as fat

Question 28

macrophage

Answer 28

type of white blood cell that helps eliminte foreign substances

Question 29

nerve cell

Answer 29

receives messages and transmits to the brain and back to the body

Question 30

oocyte

Answer 30

A cell in the ovary which may undergo mitotic cell division to form and ovum