Anatomy & Physiology: Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

Muscular System

A

Responsible for all types of body movement and provides support, stabilizing joints, and generating heat for the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Muscle Fibers

A

Specialized cells that make up all muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cardiac Muscle

A

Consists of muscle cells that are striated, short, branched, and found in the walls of the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Skeletal Muscle

A

Cells are striated, long, and cylindrical. Attached to bones in the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Smooth Muscle

A

Non-striated muscle cells that are spindle-shaped and found in the walls of internal organs like the bladder and stomach.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Endomysium

A

Encases individual skeletal muscle fibers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Perimysium

A

Muscle fibers that are bundled together by a connective tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Fasciculi

A

Bundles of skeletal muscle fibers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Epimysium

A

Fascicles are bundled together by a strong connective tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sarcolemma

A

The cell membrane that surrounds a skeletal muscle fiber.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

The cytoplasm of the skeletal muscle fiber.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Myofibrils

A

One muscle fiber is filled with several long, cylindrical proteins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Sarcomere

A

The smallest contractile unit in a myofibril.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Myofilaments

A

A myofibril is the result of several of these. There are two types.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Myosin

A

Thick bands, or myofilaments, are made of several protein molecules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Actin

A

Several protein molecules that link together to form the thin bands.

17
Q

Z-Disk or Z-Line

A

Thin actin bands are attached to this.

18
Q

I-Bands

A

Light-colored bands.

19
Q

A-Bands

A

Dark-colored bands,

20
Q

H-Zone

A

Found in the middle of the A-Bands.

21
Q

M-Line

A

Found in the middle of the H-Zone, center of the sarcomere.

22
Q

Slide Filament Theory

A

Actin filaments slide past myosin filaments, pulling the actin filaments closer to the center of the sarcomere, or M-Line. This sliding action happens because of interactions between the heads of actin and myosin. The heads of myosin form attachments with the actin myofilaments.

23
Q

Crossbridges

A

Attachments that are formed from the heads of myosin and the actin myofilaments.

24
Q

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

A

Surrounds the myofibrils

25
Q

Ligament

A

Attach bones to bone.

26
Q

Joint

A

Where ligaments connect bones and the bones meet.

27
Q

Immovable Joint

A

These consist of bones held together by connective tissues. The bones are in very close contact.
(Also known as Fibrous Joints)

28
Q

Partly Movable Joint

A

These consist of bones held together by cartilage. These joints allow some degree of movement.
(Also known as Cartilaginous Joints)

29
Q

Synovial Joint

A

These allow the largest freedom of movement because the bones are separated by a joint cavity.

30
Q

Tendons

A

Attach muscle to bone.

31
Q

Flexor Muscle

A

The muscle that causes a joint to bend.

32
Q

Extension Muscle

A

The muscle that contracts and causes a joint to straighten.