Anatomy & Physiology: Integumentary System Flashcards
Integumentary System
Body system comprised of the skin and accessory structures, including the hair, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and nails.
Epidermis
The outermost layer of the skin.
Keratin
Made of keratinocytes. A fibrous protein forming the main structural constituent of hair, feathers, hoofs, nails, claws, and horns.
Dermis
Deep, thick layer is made of tough connective tissue located directly under the epidermis.
Sweat Glands
Produce a fluid that contains water, salts, and other waste products.
Apocrine
Glands that are found primarily in the armpits and groin area, and are attached to hair follicles and create a watery fluid that contains proteins and fats.
Eccrine
Glands found all over the body primarily on the forehead, neck, palms, and soles of feet. They regulate body temperature with sweating if the body becomes too hot.
Sebaceous Glands
Oil-Producing glands are typically attached to hair follicles.
Sebum
A fatty, oily substance released by sebaceous glands.
Hypodermis
The region beneath the dermis that contains subcutaneous tissue.
Cuticle
A layer of dead skin cells that accumulate and form a thick overhang layer at the base of the nail and around the nail edge.
Lunula
The white space between the nail bed and cuticle.
Matrix
A layer of tissue that contains blood vessels and nerves. Located beneath the cuticle.
Hair Shaft
Consists of the hair that is exposed on the surface of the body and is not attached to the hair follicle.
Hair Root
Attached to the hair follicles and found beneath the skin’s surface.
Hair Bulb
Extending beyond the hair root, deep beneath the skin.
Metastasis
The process of some tumor producing cells that can move away from the original site of DNA damage and establish new tumors in other organs.
Basal Cell Carcinoma
This is the most common type of skin cancer that occurs in the basal cells of the epidermis.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
This type of skin cancer in the squamous cells of the epidermis. This type of skin cancer is more aggressive than basal cell carcinoma. If not removed it can metastasize.
Malignant Melanoma
This type of skin cancer occurs when there is an uncontrolled growth of melanocytes in the epidermis. Often appear as a dark patch, and is the most dangerous and fatal form of skin cancer.
