anatomy of the cardiovascular system Flashcards
what is the function of the CV system
to deliever o2 and nutrients to cells all around the body and removed waste products eg CO2 to the lungs
what are the components of the CV system
blood
blood vessel
heart
what does the pulmonary vein do
carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
what does the aorta do
carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
what does the vena cava do
carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart
what does the pulmonary artery do
carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
which side of the heart is oxygenated and which is deoxygenated
the right of deoxygenated and the left is oxygenated
what are the 4 valves
aortic valve
pulmonary valve
tricuspid valve
bicuspid valve
which are the atrio ventricular vales
tricuspid and bicuspid
which are the semi lunar valves
aortic and pulmonary
what is the chordae tendinae
prevents the bicuspid and tricuspid valves from turning inside out by anchoring the ventricle valves
describe the pressure between the vessels
at the arteries and arterioles there is high pressure while at the veins and venuoles have low pressure so there are valves in place so the blood doesn’t flow back on itself
what are the 5 blood vessels
arteries
arterioles
capillaries
veins
venuoles
describe the arteries/arterioles
.carries oxygenated blood (expect pulmonary artery)
.arteries carries blood away from the heart
.thick, muscular walls (smooth muscle) to withstand high pressure
.they also control blood flow by vasoconstriction (decrease in lumen size) and vasodilation( increase in lumen size)
describe the capillaries
.small blood vessel wall is only one cell thick
.important from diffusion of gas and nutrients
.found at organs and muscles that will provide energy
.slow speed of blood flow due to thin vessels to allow maximum diffusion for time
describe veins/venuoles
.carries deoxygenated blood (expect pulmonary vein)
.veins carries blood towards the heart
.smooth wall thinner than arteries
.contains valves to prevent black low under low pressure and gravity
what’s the composition of blood
plasma
red blood cells (erythrocytes)
white blood cells (leukocytes)
platelets (thrombocytes)
what is plasma
.straw like liquid part of the blood
.carries solids (eg carbohydrate molecules)
.dissolves gases
.90% water
what are thrombocytes
.clots blood to repair wounds by forming a scab which prevents blood loss
what are leukocytes
.fights infection
.by travelling to the site of bacteria then engulfs it to destroy it
what are erythrocytes
.contains haemoglobin
.which transports o2
.when haemoglobin and o2 combine it creates oxyhemoglobin
