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Block 8 Ellen > Anatomy of female pelvis L4 > Flashcards

Anatomy of female pelvis L4 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the vagina open into distally

A

the vulva

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2
Q

what is the vagina

A

a tube that connects with the uterus

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3
Q

what is the connection between the vagina and uterus called

A

cervix

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4
Q

main part of the uterus=

A

body

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5
Q

top of the uterus called

A

fundus

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6
Q

tubes coming of either side of uterus=

A

uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)

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7
Q

at 10 weeks what is obliterated in female s

A

the mesonephros and mesonephric duct

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8
Q

what is maintained in the females

A 
paramesonephric duct (mullerian)
and gonads
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9
Q

what happens at the end of the paramesonephric ducts

A

come round to meet with the ovaries at the top

at the bottom the two tubes fuse to form a single uterine body

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10
Q

where do the paramesonephric ducts stick onto at the bottom

A

the urogenital sinus

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11
Q

what is the bubble of urogenital sinus called (that sicks to the 2 paramesonephric ducts)

A

the sinuvaginal bulb

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12
Q

what does the urogenital sinus give rise to

A

structures involved in the urinary tract and genitalia tract

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13
Q

after 20 W what does the sinuvaginal bulb become

A

distal 2/3 of the vaginal canal

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14
Q

what does the paramesonephric duct become

A

the uterine body and the proximal 1/3 of the vaginal canal and the cervix

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15
Q

what does the connection between the vagina and the urogenital sinus become in later life

A

hymen

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16
Q

pelvic structures in the female

A

bladder
uterine body
rectum

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17
Q

what does the upward protrusion of the bladder, uterus and rectum cause

A

2 peritoneal lined fossa/ pouches

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18
Q

what are the 2 pouches called

A

vesico-uterine pouch

recto-uterine pouch

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19
Q

what is the vesico-uterine pouch between

A

between bladder and the uterus

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20
Q

what is the recto-uterine pouch between

A

rectum and uterus

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21
Q

what does the recto-uterine pouch have a close relationship with

A

posterior fornix

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22
Q

what can happen in the pouches

A

infection causes fluid to collect/ pool in these pouches which can easily cause ulceration and perforation

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23
Q

what is the broad ligament

A

peritoneum drapping over the uterus like a fake ghost and forms a double layer stuck together when there is nothing in-between

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24
Q

where is the broad ligament not continuous

A

over the openings of the oviducts

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25
Q

what can the gap in the peritoneum over the oviducts cause

A

ectopic pregnancy

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26
Q

what is the bell like structure at the end of the uterine tube called

A

infundibulum

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27
Q

what are the fingers that surround the infundibulum at the end of the uterine tubes called

A

fimbriae

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28
Q

where does the ovary sit

A

in the infundibulum

29
Q

what is the ligament attached to the ovary called

A

ligament of ovary

30
Q

what is the over end of the ligament of ovary attached to

A

labia majora

31
Q

after the ligament of the ovary has passed through the broad ligament what is it called

A

round ligament of the uterus

32
Q

what is the position of the uterus

A

drapped over the bladder usually but not fixed

33
Q

in most women how would you explain the uterus position medically

A

anteflexed and antiverted

34
Q

what does anteflexion refer to

A

the long axis of the uterus being flopped forward, on the long axis of the vagina at the internal os

35
Q

what does anteversion refer to

A

vaginal canal position related to uterus

36
Q

what can happen that is less common to a womens uterus position

A

retroversion and retroflexion

37
Q

what do retroversion and retroflexion mean

A

uterus is bent backwards (lies in the retrouterine pouch)

38
Q

3 histological layers of the uterus body

A

endometrium
myometrium
perimetrium

39
Q

which is the most internal layer of the uterus body

A

endometrium

40
Q

which is the muscular layer of the uterus body

A

myometrium

41
Q

what is the peritoneum covering the uterus layer called

A

perimetrium

42
Q

what layers can the endometrium be divided into (2)

A

stratum functionale

stratum basale

43
Q

during the menstrual cycle what is the layer undergoing change

A

stratum functionale (functional layer)

44
Q

what is the specialised blood supply in the stratum basale of the endometrium

A

spiral arteries

45
Q

what is also a specialised structure in the endometrium

A

uterine glands (produce mucus )

46
Q

where is the capillary bed in the endometrium

A

stratum functionale

47
Q

what does the cervix consist of (2)

A

external os

fornix

48
Q

what is the external os

A

the opening into the vaginal canal

49
Q

what is the fornix

A

the groove around the margin of the external cervix

50
Q

what is a transformational zone

A

one type of histology to another

51
Q

where is a transformational zone

A

within the cervix

52
Q

what epithelial covers the first part of the cervix

A

stratified squamous (same as vaginal) more superficial

53
Q

what does the epithelial lining of the cervix change to further up

A

simple columnar

54
Q

what can happen at transformational zones

A

caner (cervical caner here)

55
Q

what are the two main blood supplies to the uterus

A

aorta branch- ovarian artery

internal iliac

56
Q

what does the ovarian artery supply

A

ovaries

57
Q

what does the internal iliac supply

A

everything apart from the ovaries

58
Q

3 branches of the internal iliac

A

uterine
vaginal
internal pudendal

59
Q

what do all three branches of the internal iliac have

A

ipsilateral and contralateral anastomoses

60
Q

what is the difference in the perineal membrane in the females

A

2 holes –> vagina and urethra

61
Q

what are the female erectile tissues

A

corpus cavernosus

bulb of the vestible

62
Q

what does the crus region of the corpus cavernous do

A

attach to the perineum

63
Q

what is the other structure the corpus cavernous attaches to

A

the glans clitoris

64
Q

difference in bulb of vestibule to corpus spongiosum (in males)

A

bulb of vestibule present as 2 parts

65
Q

what muscle covers the corpus cavernousus

A

ischiocavernous muscle

66
Q

what muscle covers the bulb of the vestibule

A

bulbospongiosus

67
Q

veins=

A

follow arteries drain into internal pudendal vein

68
Q

what veins are an exception

A

deep dorsal veins drain into vesicle plexus of bladder

Block 8 Ellen (14 decks)

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