Anatomy of Addiction Flashcards
STRUCTURES A/W DRUG ABUSE
Limbic system
lateral hypothalamus
basal ganglia
frontal cortical regions
LIMBIC SYSTEM
interconnected, older forebrain
major route for information transfer between neocortex and hypothalamus
-limbic lobe (subcallosal area, cingulate, parahippocampal gyri)
amigdala
hippocampus
parts of basal ganglia
anterior thalamic nucleus
OPIOID RECEPTORS
g protein coupled
μ, κ and 𝛅
μ AGONIST DRUGS
morphine, heroin, clinical opioids
analgesia, euphoria, respiratory depression, emesis, antidiuretic effects
κ AGONIST DRUGS
ethylketazocine, bermazocine
analgesia, dysphoria, diuretic effects, no rest depression
NORADRENALINE
locus coeruleus -> diffusely (cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, cerebellum)
DOPAMINE
VTA and substantia nigra ->
PSYCHOSTIMULANTS
cocaine binds to DA, NA and 5-HT transporters, and blocks rey-take,
amphetamine additionally releasing agent
both result in increased monoamine neurotransmitters
OPIOIDS
expressed throughout brain in limbic and limbic related structures
DA innervation to VTA important, but to NAcc little effect to opioid, but to NAcc very impactful to cocaine
OPIOD ACTION ON RECEPTOR
Agonist at µ, δ, and κ opioid receptors
Gi coupled
COCAINE ACTION ON RECEPTOR
Indirect agonist at dopamine receptors by inhibiting dopamine transporters
Gi and Gs coupled
AMPHETAMINE ACTION ON RECEPTORS
Indirect agonist at dopamine receptors by stimulating dopamine release
Gi and Gs coupled
ETHANOL ACTION ON RECEPTORS
Facilitates GABA-A receptor function and inhibits NMDA glutamate receptor function
ligand gated channels
NICOTINE ACTION ON RECEPTORS
Agonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
ligand gated channels
CANNABINOID ACTION ON RECEPTORS
Agonist at CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors
Gi coupled
