Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Anatomy & Physiology > ANATOMY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE > Flashcards

ANATOMY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE Flashcards

1
Q

An ____ is composed of two or more tissue types.

A

organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

You ate Crumbl Cookies and your blood sugar goes above normal. Your pancreas releases releases insulin which causes your blood sugar levels to return to normal. This is an example of a ____ feedback loop.

A

negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The plane that divides the body into anterior & posterior sections is a _ plane.

A

coronal/frontal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The ____ system includes the nose, larynx, bronchi, and lungs.

A

respiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

____ tissue is composed of tightly packed cells that line body surfaces, are innervated, avascular, and highly regenerative.

A

epithelial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Simple ____ epithelial tissue lines the small intestine and the stomach.

A

columnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tendons & ligaments are examples of ____ connective tissue

A

dense regular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Connective tissue fibers are produced mainly by ____.

A

fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The ____ is a serous membrane that surrounds the heart.

A

pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

____ connective tissue is used as an energy storage and cushions other organs

A

Adipose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The epidermis of the skin is composed of ____ tissue

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

List the layers of the epidermis from deepest to most superficial:

A

Basale
Spinosum
Granulosum
Lucidum
Corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

____ glands secrete using exocytosis and the cell remains intact.

A

Merocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sebum is produced by ____ glands.

A

sebaceous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A surgical incision parallel to the lines of ____ closes and heals with relatively little scarring.

A

cleavage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When the cartilage of the ____ plate is completely replaced by bone, long bones have reached their adult length.

A

epiphyseal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The shaft of a long bone is called the ____.

A

diaphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Spongy bone is made up of a “lattice” of bone that is called ____.

A

trabeculae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

____ secretes acids and proteolytic enzymes to break down bone.

A

Osteoclasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

____ bone growth begins as a hyaline cartilage model.

A

Endochondral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The hormone that raises blood calcium levels and removes calcium from bone is ____.

A

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

List the steps in bone repair:

A
  1. Hematoma
  2. Internal Callus
  3. Bone Callus
  4. Remodel
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

An exaggerated curve in the cervical and lumbar spine is called ____ and an exaggerated thoracic curvature is called ____.

A

lordosis

kyphosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Immovable joints are classified as a ____.

A

synarthrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

____ is moving the arm laterally away from the body midline.

A

Abduction

26
Q

Turning the hand so that the palm faces anteriorly is ____.

A

supination

27
Q

Pointing the toes up towards the body is an example of ____.

A

dorsiflexion

28
Q

The elbow and knee are both examples of ____ joints.

A

hinge

29
Q

The plasma (cell) membrane of a skeletal muscle fiber is called the ____.

A

sarcolemma

30
Q

The connective tissue covering a single muscle fiber is called the ____.

A

endomysium

31
Q

When a motor neuron is stimulated, synaptic vesicles release their contents directly into the ____.

A

synaptic cleft

32
Q

The actin active sites become available for cross-bridge formation when calcium ions bind to the protein ____.

A

troponin

33
Q

The ____ contains calcium ions in resting skeletal muscle.

A

terminal cisternae

34
Q

During the cross-bridge cycle, when ____ is added to the myosin head, it will detach from the actin filament.

A

ATP

35
Q

Muscle contraction where movement occurs (the muscle shortens) is called ____ contraction.

A

isotonic

36
Q

The structure at both ends of the sarcomere is called the ____.

A

Z disc

37
Q

____ fibers are small highly. vascular muscle fibers rich with myoglobin. Commonly seen in long-distance or endurance athletes.

A

Slow oxidative fibers (Type I)

38
Q

A single stimulus resulting in complete contraction and relaxation of a muscle fiber is called a ____.

A

twitch

39
Q

The muscle that opposes the action of a specific muscle is the ____.

A

antagonist

40
Q

The brain and spinal cord are part of the ____.

A

central nervous system

41
Q

____ are responsible for myelinating the central nervous system.

A

Oligodendrocytes

42
Q

____ are responsible for secreting cerebral spinal fluid.

A

Ependymal cells

43
Q

Nerves that send the fastest signals are ____ in diameter and are highly ____.

A

large

myelinated

44
Q

A ____ neuron has a single dendrite and a single axon and is generally found in the special senses.

A

bipolar

45
Q

The summation of IPSPs and EPSPs that arrive from several different axons at different places on the neuron is called ____ summation.

A

spatial

46
Q

Voltage-regulated gates can be found on the ____ of a neuron.

A

axon

47
Q

The most common intracellular ion is ____.

A

potassium (K+)

48
Q

The central sulcus separates the ____ lobes and the ____ lobes.

A

frontal

parietal

49
Q

Proprioception and motor coordination are functions of the ____.

A

cerebellum

50
Q

The ____ in the diencephalon is responsible for regulating food and water intake, temperature, and much of the endocrine system.

A

hypothalamus

51
Q

The ____ is involved in alertness & focusing attention.

A

reticular formation

52
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced by the ____ found in the ____.

A

choroid plexuses

ventricles

53
Q

Cranial nerve ____ supplies parasympathetic stimulation to the viscera and is also called the vagus nerve.

A

X (10)

54
Q

The dorsal root of a spinal nerve receives ____ input.

A

sensory

55
Q

There are ____ pairs of cervical, ____ pairs of thoracic, and ____ pairs of lumbar spinal nerves.

A

8

12

5

56
Q

The ____ plexus provides innervation primarily to the upper extremity.

A

brachial

57
Q

A ____ reflex would have the shortest delay between stimulus & response.

A

monosynaptic

58
Q

The ____ reflex stabilizes the right leg to allow the left leg to be lifted rapidly.

A

crossed extensor

59
Q

The ____ lengthens out the time of the sympathetic response by secreting norepinephrine into the bloodstream.

A

adrenal medulla

60
Q

A receptor that binds norepinephrine is called a(n) ____ receptor.

A

adrenergic

Human Anatomy & Physiology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions