Anatomy - Fellows Flashcards
The ANS controls what 3 things?
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Glands
Generally; in the ANS, cell bodies are located where?
- Preganglionic is in the CNS for both
- PNS: craniosacral
- SNS: thoracolumbar T1-L2 spinal segments - Postganglionic outside of the CNS (para or prevertebral) but not on organs for SNS, for PNS they are on organs (terminal)
Nuclei in the brainstem
Associated with vagal nerve
Dorsal vagal nuclei
Nuclei in the spinal cord, T1-L2
Intermediolateral nuclei
-layers horn
Nuclei in the spinal cord, S2-S4
Sacral autonomic nuclei
-lateral horn
Paravertebral SNS ganglia
- Sympathetic trunk ganglia
- generally lateral to vertebral bodies on the posterior part of the body cavities and on the neck
- 25 ganglia, 31 spinal nerves
Prevertebral SNS ganglia
Named after branches of the ab aorta
-2 celiac, 1 Superior mesenteric, 2 aorticorenal, 1 inferior mesenteric
Motor, efferent pathway
Ventral rootlets
Ventral roots
Spinal nerve (trunk)
Dorsal Ramus or Ventral Ramus
- each Ramus has a gray communication ramus (unmyelinated) , T1-L2 has a white CR (myelinated)
- S2-S4 has pelvic splanchnic nerve
True or false:
Dorsal rootlets, roots, and ganglion are autonomic structures
False
Sympathetic splanchnic nerves we should know
Lower thoracic splanchnic nerves
Lumbar splanchnic nerves
Lower thoracic splanchnic nerves and levels
Greater splanchnic (T5-T9) Lesser splanchnic (T10-T11) Least splanchnic (T12)
Lower thoracic splanchnic nerves innervate ___
Abdominal viscera that come from up into the thorax
Lumbar splanchnic nerves innervate
Viscera at lumbar levels
T or F:
Abdominal autonomic plexuses contain only postganglionic parasympathetic neurons
False:
Preganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons
Abdominal autonomic plexuses
*mixed sympathetic and parasympathetic
- Celiac
- Superior mesenteric
- Intermesenteric
- Inferior mesenteric
- Superior hypogastric
- Inferior hypogastric (actually a pelvic plexus)
Peri-arterial plexuses
- preganglionic Parasympathetic
- postganglionic Sympathetic
Left and right renal
Left and right colic
Left and right suprarenal
Left and right phrenic
Sympathetic trace:
Somatic viscera pathway from brainstem out
- Intermediolateral nucleus
- ventral rootlets/root
- spinal n. Trunk
- ventral ramus
- white CR
- sympathetic trunk
- sympathetic trunk ganglia (synapses)
- gray CR
- ventral ramus
- dorsal ramus (if going to the back)
- target organ
Sympathetic trace:
Cavity viscera pathway from brainstem out
- Intermediolateral nucleus
- ventral rootlets/root
- spinal n. Trunk
- ventral ramus
- white CR
- sympathetic trunk
- sympathetic splanchnic n.
- abdominal autonomic plexus
- prevertebral ganglion (synapse)
- peri-arterial plexus
- Target organ
Sympathetic trace:
Adrenal medulla
- Intermediolateral nucleus
- ventral rootlets/root
- spinal n. Trunk
- ventral ramus
- white CR
- sympathetic trunk
- sympathetic splanchnic n.
- abdominal autonomic plexus
- prevertebral ganglion
- peri-arterial plexus
- Target organ (synapse)
Synapsids occurs where for
Somatic viscera
Cavity viscera
Adrenal medulla
- sympathetic trunk ganglia
- prevertebral ganglia
- target organ
Parasympathetic trace:
Vagus n.
(Foregut and mid gut)
- dorsal vagal nuclei
- vagus n.
- abdominal autonomic plexus
- prevertebral ganglia
- peri-arterial plexus
- terminal plexus (synapse)
Parasympathetic trace:
Pelvic splanchnic n.
(Hindgut)
- sacral autonomic nuclei
- ventral rootlets/root
- spinal n. Trunk
- ventral ramus
- pelvic splanchnic n.
- pelvic autonomic plexus
- terminal ganglia (synapse)
T or F:
In the pelvic autonomic plexus the nerves do not follow the arteries
True
*this is unique
GVA (sensory/conscious) pathways
Dividing line is halfway through the sigmoid colon
- Proximal: sympathetic cavity viscera pathway
- Distal: parasympathetic pathway (pelvic splanchnic n. pathway)
