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Anatomy > Anatomy Exam #4 > Flashcards

Anatomy Exam #4 Flashcards

1
Q

Oculomotor nerve palsy

A

Unable to lift eye lid

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2
Q

Trochlear nerve palsy

A

Double vision when looking down

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3
Q

Abducent nerve palsy

A

medial deviation of the eye at rest

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4
Q

Neural crest forms

A

PNS and ANS

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5
Q

Neural Tube forms

A

brain and spinal cord

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6
Q

Spina bifida occulta

A
  • Incomplete vertebral arches
  • Dura mater intact
  • Tuft of hair in lumbar area
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7
Q

Meningocoele

A

herniation of the meninges

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8
Q

Myelomeningocoele

A

herniation of meninges and spinal cord

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9
Q

Spina bifida with myeloschisis

A
  • Most severe form
  • With no overlying meninges
  • Baby more prone to life-threatening infections
  • Caudal neuropore does not close at end of w4
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10
Q

Cerebral aqueduct

A

inside part of brain

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11
Q

Mesencephalon malformation can cause obstruction of the Cerebral aqueduct

A

Obstructive hydrocephalus

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12
Q

Pharyngeal hypophysis

A
  • Diencephalon malformations

- Remnants of Rathke’s pouch

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13
Q

Craniopharyngiomas

A
  • Diencephalon malformations

- Benign tumor in rathke’s pouch

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14
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

A build-up of fluid in the cavities deep within the brain

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15
Q

Anencephaly

A

Rostral neuropore does not close

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16
Q

Holoprosencephaly

A

Cerebral hemispheres does not separate

-associated w cleft palate and severe fetal alc

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17
Q

Microcephaly

A

small brain

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18
Q

Kallman syndrome

A

-Malformation of the rhinencephalon (no smell)

19
Q

Arnold-Chiari malformation

A
  • most common cerebral malformation

- brain tissue extends into the spinal canal

20
Q

Calvaria

A

(skullcap) is made up of the superior portions of the frontal bone, occipital bone, and parietal bones

21
Q

Syringomyelia

A

is a rare disorder in which a cyst forms within your spinal cord

22
Q

Vernix caseosa

A

formed by periderm and sebum to protect the baby from amniotic fluid

23
Q

Primary place of most epistaxis

A

Kiesselbach area

24
Q

Uvula on left

A

right glossopharyngeal nerve lesion

25
Q

Tongue pulls to right

A

right hypoglossal nerve lesion

26
Q

Carotid Sheath Contains

A

internal jugular vein, common carotid artery and vagus nerve

27
Q

surrounds the brachial plexus and the subclavian artery and passes into the axilla as the axillary sheath

A

alar fascia

28
Q

Cutaneous innvervation of neck

A

up: lesser occipital
down: supraclavicular

29
Q

provides motor innervation to the infrahyoid muscles

A

Ansa Cervicalis

30
Q

right common carotid artery is a branch from

A

brachiocephalic trunk

31
Q

left common carotid artery is a branch of the

A

aortic arch

32
Q

inferior bulb of the internal jugular vein contain

A

a valve that doesn’t allow blood to flow back towards the brain

33
Q

inf thyroid artery branches off the

A

thyrocerivcal trunk

34
Q

Venous angle

-left vs right side

A

union of IJV with subclavian, site of lymph drainage from thoracic duct (on left side) and right lymphatic trunk (on right side)

35
Q

Horner Syndrome

A

Has several causes including lesion of or tumor on the sympathetic trunk in the neck
Characteristics:
Miosis – pupillary constriction, caused from paralysis of the dilator pupillae muscle
Ptosis – drooping of superior eyelid, caused from paralysis of the smooth muscle within the levator palpebrae superioris
Anhidrosis – vasodilation and absence of sweating on the face and neck, caused by lack of sympathetic nerves supply to blood vessels and sweat glands
Enophthalmos – sinking of eyeball, possibly caused by paralysis of smooth muscle in the floor of the orbit

36
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia

A
  • Extreme, sporadic, sudden burning or shock-like facial pain that lasts anywhere from a few seconds to as long as two minutes per episode
  • Associated with multiple causes, which could include nerve compression as it exits the cranium, multiple sclerosis, previous cerebrovascular accident (stroke), and/or arteriovenous (AV) malformation.
37
Q

ophthalmic artery branches off

A

internal carotid artery

38
Q

“Danger area” of face (location, communication, spread)

A
  • Consists of area from corners of the mouth to bridge of the nose
  • Venous communication (via ophthalmic veins) between the facial vein and the cavernous sinus
  • Possible for retrograde infections from the nasal area to spread to the brain causing cavernous sinus thrombosis, meningitis, or brain abscess
39
Q

parasympathetic secretomotor fibers to parotid gland

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

40
Q

Chorda tympani nerve

A
  • Carries taste fibers from the anterior 2/3 of tongue
  • Carries presynaptic parasympathetic secretomotor fibers for submandibular and sublingual glands
  • Branch of CN VII
41
Q

Two extrinsic ligaments of TMJ

A

Stylomandibular ligament

Sphenomandibular ligament

42
Q

midbrain nerve

A

oculomotor nerve

43
Q

medulla nerve

A

hypoglossal nerve

Anatomy (7 decks)

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