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Anatomy > Anatomy Exam #1 > Flashcards

Anatomy Exam #1 Flashcards

1
Q

Levator Scapulae origin ans insertion

A

superior angle of scapula to C1-C4 transverse process

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2
Q

Latissimus Dorsi action

A

adduction, extension, and medial rotation of arm

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3
Q

Levator Scapulae action

A

elevates scapula

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4
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior action

A

elevate ribs

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5
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior action

A

depress ribs

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6
Q

Semispinales (3 – thoracis, cervicis, capitis)

A

Extension and rotation (not lateral bending)

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7
Q

Interspinalis and Intertransversii

A

Stabilize vertebrae during movements of the vertebral column

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8
Q

Rotator Cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis, Teres Minor

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9
Q

Teres Major innervation

A

lower subscapular

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10
Q

Infraspinatus action

A

lateral rotation of humerus

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11
Q

Teres major action

A

adduct and medial rotation of humerus

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12
Q

Subscapularis action

A

medial rotation of humerus

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13
Q

Pectoralis Minor innervation

A

medial pectoral nerve

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14
Q

Serratus Anterior insertion

A

anterior surface of medial border of scapula (winged scapula)

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15
Q

Serratus Posterior super, infer blood supply

A

posterior intercostal arteries

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16
Q

Intrinsic Back Muscles innervations

A

posterior rami of spinal nerve

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17
Q

Sprain

A

ligament only

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18
Q

Strain

A

muscle or tendon

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19
Q

T1

A

fat is bright

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20
Q

T2

A

water is bright

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21
Q

H & E stain

A

Nuclei (blue) Cytoplasmic Proteins (pink)

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22
Q

Masson’s Trichome

A

Differentiate collagen from other eosinophilic structures (e.g., muscle fibers) (good for highlighting scar tissue)

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23
Q

Periodic Acid-Schiff Stain

A

stains carbohydrates like glycogen and glycoproteins (glomeruli in kidneys and glycogen in liver)

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24
Q

Metal Stains

A

membrane and elastic fibers

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25
Q

Linear Array Transducer

A

superficial muscles, thyroid, breast

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26
Q

Curved Array Transducer

A

deep wide view abdominal

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27
Q

Phased Array Transducer

A

small sized and deep view (good to look at cardiac beneath ribs)

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28
Q

US picture

A

(black) anechoic > hypoechoic > isoechoic >hyperechoic (white)

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29
Q

Largest nerve and smallest foramen

A

L5

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30
Q

Xanthochromia in cerebral spinal fluid

A

red/orange lysing of red blood cells

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31
Q

Spinal cord length

A

foramen magnum -> L1/L2 (at birth L4/L5)

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32
Q

Lumbar Puncture area

A

L3/L4 or L4/L5

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33
Q

Epidural numbs which nerves

A

S2-S4

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34
Q

cell bodies of the preganglionic sympathetic fibers originate

A

T1- L2/L3 lateral horn

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35
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons

A

At sacral levels (S2-S4), the lateral part of lamina VII

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36
Q

Grey matter contains

A

nerve cell bodies

37
Q

White mater contains

A

ascending/descending nerve fibers (axons

38
Q

Dorsal Cuneatus enters

A

T6 and above (arms)

39
Q

Dorsal Gracilis enters

A

T7 and below (legs)

40
Q

Dorsal Column carries what impulses

A

Proprioception and discriminative touch

41
Q

Spinothalamic Tract carries what impulses

A

Pain, temperature, and non discriminative touch

42
Q

Trigiminal Nerves

A

sensation and motor function of the face

43
Q

Peroxisomes job in the cell

A

break down fatty acids

44
Q

SER job in cell

A

detox (liver), lipid/steroid metabolism, store Ca+ (muscle cells)

45
Q

What organelles is responsible for cell death

A

mitochondria (cytochrome C)

46
Q

Thin filament job

A

reinforce cell membrane

47
Q

Microfilament job

A

organelle movement, mitotic spindle, and cilia/flagella beating

48
Q

What helps microfilament move

A

dynein arm

49
Q

intermediate filament job

A

maintain cell architecture

50
Q

Sacrococcygeal teratomas

A

tumor derived from stray primordial germ cells

51
Q

Meiosis I -> Meiosis II final products

A

46chromosome pairs 4n -> 23 chromosomes pairs 2N -> 23 single chromosomes 1N

52
Q

ligament associated with supra scapular nerve and artery

A

superior transverse scapular ligament and superior sub scapular notch

53
Q

which two arteries anastomoses on the posterior of the scapula?

A

dorsal scapular and supra scapular and circumflex scapular

54
Q

serrates anterior blood supply and nerve

A

lateral thoracic artery and long thoracic nerve

55
Q

dural sac ends at what vertebra?

A

S2

56
Q

The conus medullaris is located where in an adult human?

A

between T12 and L2

57
Q

clavicle tubercle

A

conoid tubercle

58
Q

scapula process

A

coracoid process

59
Q

humerus fossa

A

coronoid fossa

60
Q

dull knife causes?

A

dark or light lines across the tissue section

61
Q

precipitation causes?

A

randomly distributed dark grain marks

62
Q

fold of the mount causes

A

dense colaration (stain trap)

63
Q

immunohistochemistry

A

used to localize specific cell and tissue proteins (cancer)

64
Q

in situ hybridization

A

used to analyze tissue distribution specific nucleotide sequences (specific genes and mRNA)

65
Q

cervical enlargement

A

C4-T1

66
Q

lumbar enlargement

A

T11-S1

67
Q

filum terminale externum

A

gains dural layer, attaches to coccyx, acts as an anchor for the inferior portion of spinal cord and meningies

68
Q

Arachnoid trabeculae

A

delicate connective tissue attaching arachnoid to pia – looks like spider webs
Subarachnoid space filled with CSF

69
Q

secession of nerves

A

rootlets -> roots -> nerves -> rami

70
Q

Great anterior segmental medullary artery (of Adamkiewicz)

A

reinforces circulation to 2/3 of spinal cord including lumbrosacral enlargement.
Only on the left side, in about 65% of people
Arises from a left posterior intercostal artery

71
Q

How many posterior and anterior spinal arteries?

A

2 posterior, 1 anterior

72
Q

spinal vein location

A

epidural space

73
Q

spinal artery location

A

subarachnoid space

74
Q

hand bones in order

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrium, pisiform

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hook of hamate

75
Q

usually taller, normal fertility, sometimes learning disabilities, sometimes increased interocular distance – but majority are never diagnosed because there are no symptoms or symptoms are subclinical

A

XXX – Triple X syndrome

76
Q

usually taller, normal fertility, sometimes learning disabilities – but majority are never diagnosed

A

XYY – XYY or Double-Y syndrome

77
Q

usually taller, sterile, smaller testicles, decreased body hair, lower libido, sometimes learning disabilities, rarely gynecomastia – often diagnosed by fertility specialists

A

XXY – Klinefelter syndrome

78
Q

usually shorter, low-set ears, webbed neck, usually do not begin menstruating and can only become pregnant with medical intervention, usually normal intelligence

A

X0 – Turner syndrome

79
Q

Pectoral fascia

A

invests the pectoralis major, continuous with axillary

80
Q

Clavipectoral fascia

A

invests the subclavius and pectoralis minor

81
Q

corona radiata penetrating enzyme

A

hyaluronidase

82
Q

zona pellucida penetrating enzyme

A

acrosin

83
Q

syncytioblast secretes secretes what hormone that can determine pregnancy

A

hCG

84
Q

lateral corticospinal tract decussates in the

A

medulla

85
Q

ventral corticospinal tract decussates in the

A

at its termination site

86
Q

bicep brachii insert at

A

tuberosity of radius

87
Q

brachialis inserts at the

A

tuberosity of the ulna

88
Q

motor neuron cell body location

A

anterior horn of gray mater

89
Q

sensory neuron cell body location

A

dorsal root ganglion

Anatomy (7 decks)

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