Anatomy Chapter 6 Flashcards
What part of the bone forms a tough covering and contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves?
Periosteum
What statement about joint movement is TRUE?
Extension occurs when a joint is straightened.
A health professional is skilled in applying and removing casts as well as adjusting braces, prosthetic devices, and mobility aids. What type of profession is this individual in?
Orthopedic technologist
Which condition is due to an abnormal exaggerated curvature in the thoracic region of the spine?
Kyphosis
What occurs during the soft callus formation stage of bone repair?
Cartilage fills into the space between the fractured bones.
Which bones are included in the axial skeleton?
Spinal column
The medullary cavity is a storage area for _________.
bone marrow
The bone cells in compact bone are organized into what microscopic structure?
Osteons
Which joint is capable of circumduction?
Shoulder
Where is the occipital bone located?
At the back of the skull
The first seven vertebrae are called _________ vertebrae.
cervical
What is one purpose of spongy bone?
It helps make the bone lighter in weight.
What is step 4 in the endochondral ossification process?
Osteoclasts begin to break down spongy bone to create the medullary cavity.
What type of cartilage is located on the ends of bones and acts as a shock absorber?
Articular cartilage
What bone surface structure forms a large, rounded knob?
Condyle
What type of joint is held together by short connective tissue strands?
Fibrous joints
What type of activity makes bones thicker, denser, and stronger?
Running
Which type of bone is typically found in the wrists and ankles?
Short bones
Which ribs are the “true” ribs?
Pairs 1 to 7
The production of red blood cells is called __________.
erythropoiesis
A patient is diagnosed with a fracture to a bone in the forearm. Which bone could be fractured?
Radius
What type of movement does a saddle joint have?
It rocks up and down and side to side.
On an archeological trip, you find a skeleton. How will you determine if the skeleton is male or female?
The female has a greater pubic angle.
A child enters the emergency department with a fractured bone. The x-ray indicates that one side of the bone is fractured and the other side is only bent. What type of fracture is this?
Greenstick fracture
What is the function of an osteoblast?
It secretes a matrix of calcium and other minerals to form bones.
When articular cartilage becomes brittle, it can lead to what condition?
Arthritis
What physiological process causes osteoporosis?
Osteoclasts tear down more bone than osteoblasts form.
Which joint disorder is a secondary disorder due to metabolic dysfunction?
Gout
If a patient has significant pain in a joint because the protective layer of cartilage has worn away, what treatment option may an orthopedic surgeon recommend?
Joint replacement
A patient complains of a sore arm after a fall down the steps. An x-ray shows a slight fracture that is barely visible. What type of fracture is this?
Hairline fracture
