Anatomy Chapter 4

Question 1

What are the structures called that travel out from a fungus cell to find and absorb nutrients?

Answer 1

Mycelia

Question 2

Which types of cells use regulated exocytosis to release substances to the outside of the cell?

Answer 2

Secretory cells

Question 3

Which organelle uses exocytosis to release proteins to the outside of the cell?

Answer 3

Golgi apparatus

Question 4

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and steroids?

Answer 4

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 5

What type of solution has a greater impermeable solute concentration in the solution surrounding the cell than inside the cell?

Answer 5

Hypertonic solution

Question 6

What structure in the cell creates ATP for energy?

Answer 6

Mitochondria

Question 7

What transport process applies pressure to force water and dissolved materials across a membrane?

Answer 7

Filtration

Question 8

A bacteria that produces disease is called a __________.

Answer 8

pathogen

Question 9

What is one function of some bacteria that make up the normal flora?

Answer 9

Synthesize vitamin K

Question 10

What type of infectious organism cannot grow, eat, or reproduce by themselves?

Answer 10

Virus

Question 11

When parts of a tumor break off and travel through the blood system to start new tumors in other parts of the body, it is called __________.

Answer 11

metastasis

Question 12

What characteristic of a cell membrane allows only certain molecules into and out of a cell?

Answer 12

Selective permeability

Question 13

What type of passive transport uses protein channels to transport molecules across the membrane?

Answer 13

Facilitated diffusion

Question 14

What structure on a cell helps move cells from one place to another?

Answer 14

Flagella

Question 15

Which type of transport requires the addition of energy?

Answer 15

Active transport

Question 16

When a cell needs to take in a solid particle that is too large to diffuse across the membrane, which transport mechanism will the cell use?

Answer 16

Phagocytosis

Question 17

What effect do prions have in tissue?

Answer 17

They cause the formation of microscopic holes.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is TRUE about ribosomes?

Answer 18

They assist in the production of enzymes and other proteins.

Question 19

How many centrioles are usually found in each cell?

Answer 19

two

Question 20

Which active transport mechanism is similar to facilitated diffusion, except that it requires the addition of energy?

Answer 20

Active transport pumps

Question 21

What is the purpose of the enzymes in lysosomes?

Answer 21

To clean up intracellular debris and other waste

Question 22

The ability of a virus to be inactive in the body and become active again later in life is called __________.

Answer 22

latency

Question 23

Malaria, which is a type of __________, can be carried to humans through insect bites.

Answer 23

protozoan

Question 24

Which type of transport is used to transport oxygen from the lungs into the blood?

Answer 24

Diffusion

Question 25

Cells with a nucleus reproduce asexually through a process called __________.

Answer 25

mitosis

Question 26

What is the major function of the nucleolus?

Answer 26

To synthesize RNA that makes ribosomes

Question 27

What is one reason that cells may undergo mitosis?

Answer 27

To repair damaged tissue

Question 28

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?

Answer 28

Metaphase

Question 29

What is the watery environment of the cell called?

Answer 29

Cytoplasm

Question 30

During which phase of a cell’s life span is the cell devoted to normal cellular functions?

Answer 30

Interphase