Anatomy Chapter 4 Flashcards
What are the structures called that travel out from a fungus cell to find and absorb nutrients?
Mycelia
Which types of cells use regulated exocytosis to release substances to the outside of the cell?
Secretory cells
Which organelle uses exocytosis to release proteins to the outside of the cell?
Golgi apparatus
Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and steroids?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
What type of solution has a greater impermeable solute concentration in the solution surrounding the cell than inside the cell?
Hypertonic solution
What structure in the cell creates ATP for energy?
Mitochondria
What transport process applies pressure to force water and dissolved materials across a membrane?
Filtration
A bacteria that produces disease is called a __________.
pathogen
What is one function of some bacteria that make up the normal flora?
Synthesize vitamin K
What type of infectious organism cannot grow, eat, or reproduce by themselves?
Virus
When parts of a tumor break off and travel through the blood system to start new tumors in other parts of the body, it is called __________.
metastasis
What characteristic of a cell membrane allows only certain molecules into and out of a cell?
Selective permeability
What type of passive transport uses protein channels to transport molecules across the membrane?
Facilitated diffusion
What structure on a cell helps move cells from one place to another?
Flagella
Which type of transport requires the addition of energy?
Active transport
When a cell needs to take in a solid particle that is too large to diffuse across the membrane, which transport mechanism will the cell use?
Phagocytosis
What effect do prions have in tissue?
They cause the formation of microscopic holes.
Which of the following statements is TRUE about ribosomes?
They assist in the production of enzymes and other proteins.
How many centrioles are usually found in each cell?
two
Which active transport mechanism is similar to facilitated diffusion, except that it requires the addition of energy?
Active transport pumps
What is the purpose of the enzymes in lysosomes?
To clean up intracellular debris and other waste
The ability of a virus to be inactive in the body and become active again later in life is called __________.
latency
Malaria, which is a type of __________, can be carried to humans through insect bites.
protozoan
Which type of transport is used to transport oxygen from the lungs into the blood?
Diffusion
Cells with a nucleus reproduce asexually through a process called __________.
mitosis
What is the major function of the nucleolus?
To synthesize RNA that makes ribosomes
What is one reason that cells may undergo mitosis?
To repair damaged tissue
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?
Metaphase
What is the watery environment of the cell called?
Cytoplasm
During which phase of a cell’s life span is the cell devoted to normal cellular functions?
Interphase
