Anatomy Chapter 3

Question 1

When two sugar molecules are linked together, it is called a __________.

Answer 1

disaccharide

Question 2

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are called ________.

Answer 2

biological molecules

Question 3

If two electrons are shared equally by two atoms, then they have created what type of bond?

Answer 3

Double bond

Question 4

The series of reactions that converts glucose to energy is called __________.

Answer 4

cellular respiration

Question 5

What type of lipid is a key molecule in the structure and function of cell membranes?

Answer 5

Phospholipids

Question 6

Which biological molecules contain the genetic code?

Answer 6

Nucleic acids

Question 7

What are molecules called that bind to enzymes and are carried through the reaction?

Answer 7

Substrates

Question 8

What body system regulates the levels of electrolytes in the body?

Answer 8

Urinary system

Question 9

A chemical substance that can release hydrogen ions is called a(n) __________.

Answer 9

acid

Question 10

What symptoms may a person have if they are deficient in iodine?

Answer 10

Hypothyroidism

Question 11

Dehydration is defined as fluid loss of greater than _____ of body weight.

Answer 11

1%

Question 12

What is the term used for a substance used to dissolve other substances?

Answer 12

Solvent

Question 13

Which molecule or compound is joined together using an ionic bond?

Answer 13

NaCl

Question 14

How are elements arranged in the periodic table?

Answer 14

Based on the number of protons in the nucleus

Question 15

A compound that separates into ions has one positively charged ion and one negatively charged ion. What makes an ion positively charged?

Answer 15

It loses an electron.

Question 16

What is the process of breaking down complex substances into simpler substances?

Answer 16

Catabolism

Question 17

In what kind of bond are electrons unequally shared?

Answer 17

Polar covalent

Question 18

What types of bonds are formed between water molecules?

Answer 18

Hydrogen bonds

Question 19

What are the components of ATP?

Answer 19

Base, sugar, and three phosphate groups

Question 20

What is the basic chemical composition of all carbohydrates?

Answer 20

CH2O

Question 21

What is the term used for a chemical made up of more than one type of element?

Answer 21

Compound

Question 22

In an atom, which type of particle is negatively charged?

Answer 22

Electron

Question 23

What is the result of a protein becoming denatured?

Answer 23

It loses its structure and function.

Question 24

A solution that is alkaline has a pH __________.

Answer 24

greater than 7

Question 25

The respiratory system is responsible for ridding the body of which excess acid?

Answer 25

Carbon dioxide

Question 26

A molecule that mixes easily with water is __________.

Answer 26

hydrophilic

Question 27

What is a fat called if it contains only single covalent bonds?

Answer 27

Saturated fat

Question 28

Which of the following substances is acidic?

Answer 28

Orange juice

Question 29

What is the purpose of an enzyme?

Answer 29

To speed up the rate of chemical reactions

Question 30

What molecule is consumed in a hydrolysis reaction?

Answer 30

water